揭示连续时间晶体中的自发对称性破缺
Revealing spontaneous symmetry breaking in continuous time crystals
AI总结：
本研究针对连续时间晶体中自发对称性破缺尤其是随机相位的机制不明问题，基于流形拓扑与近混沌运动两种机制，通过测量反馈合成自旋-自旋非线性作用，在热原子系综中实验实现两类连续时间晶体，提供了通用实现方案。
摘要：
自发对称性破缺在从基本粒子的产生到物质相变的物理学领域中发挥着关键作用。连续时间平移对称性的自发破缺催生了一种被称为连续时间晶体（continuous time crystal，CTC）的新型物质态，它无需周期性驱动即可呈现周期性振荡，且重复实现的振荡的相对相位是随机的。然而，连续时间晶体中自发对称性破缺背后的机制，尤其是随机相位的成因，仍未明确。本文提出并基于两种不同机制——流形拓扑与近混沌运动——实验实现了两类连续时间晶体。我们通过测量反馈方案人工合成自旋-自旋非线性相互作用，在热原子系综中观测到了这两类连续时间晶体。本研究为实现连续时间晶体提供了通用方案，并为在各类系统中探索连续时间晶体铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays a pivotal role in physics ranging from the emergence of elementary particles to the phase transitions of matter. The spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry leads to a novel state of matter named continuous time crystal (CTC). It exhibits periodic oscillation without the need for periodic driving, and the relative phases for repetitively realized oscillations are random. However, the mechanism behind the spontaneous symmetry breaking in CTCs, particularly the random phases, remains elusive. Here we propose and experimentally realize two types of CTCs based on distinct mechanisms: manifold topology and near-chaotic motion. We observe both types of CTCs in thermal atomic ensembles by artificially synthesizing spin-spin nonlinear interactions through a measurement-feedback scheme. Our work provides general recipes for the realization of CTCs, and paves the way for exploring CTCs in various systems.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
