LANSCE-mQ：在LANL对毫电荷/分数电荷粒子的专门搜索
LANSCE-mQ: Dedicated search for milli/fractionally charged particles at LANL
AI总结：
提出LANSCE-mQ实验，利用LANSCE的800 MeV质子束固定靶和双层闪烁体探测器搜索毫电荷粒子，经模拟和测量确定背景，在1-300 MeV质量区间灵敏度领先。
摘要：
在本文中，我们提出了一项名为LANSCE-mQ的实验，旨在利用洛斯阿拉莫斯中子科学中心（LANSCE）设施的800 MeV质子束固定靶来探测分数电荷和毫电荷粒子（mCP）。这项搜索可以为众多基本问题提供新的启示，包括电荷量子化、弦理论和统一场论的预言、标准模型的规范对称性、暗区模型以及宇宙再加热的检验。我们建议安装由塑料（如EJ-200）或CeBr3制成的两层闪烁体探测器来搜索mCP。我们进行了专门的Geant4探测器模拟和原位测量，以初步确定背景率。主要背景是束流诱导的中子和光电倍增管中的符合暗电流信号，而束流诱导的伽马射线和宇宙线μ子是次要背景。我们确定，专门的mCP实验LANSCE-mQ在质量约1 MeV至300 MeV范围内具有领先的mCP灵敏度。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we propose an experiment, LANSCE-mQ, aiming to detect fractionally charged and millicharged particles (mCP) using an 800 MeV proton beam fixed target at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) facility. This search can shed new light on numerous fundamental questions, including charge quantization, the predictions of string theories and grand unification theories, the gauge symmetry of the Standard Model, dark sector models, and the tests of cosmic reheating. We propose to install two-layer scintillation detectors made of plastic (such as EJ-200) or CeBr3 to search for mCPs. Dedicated Geant4 detector simulations and in situ measurements have been conducted to obtain a preliminary determination of the background rate. The dominant backgrounds are beam-induced neutrons and coincident dark current signals from the photomultiplier tubes, while beam-induced gammas and cosmic muons are subdominant. We determined that LANSCE-mQ, the dedicated mCP experiment, has the leading mCP sensitivity for mass between ~ 1 MeV to 300 MeV.
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