固体中电子动力学的阿秒衍射成像
Attosecond Diffraction Imaging of Electron Dynamics in Solids
AI总结：
本文将时间分辨衍射成像理论扩展至激光驱动固体电子动力学，证明其信号可揭示时间依赖电子密度，并在中性石墨烯中展示了全量子TRDI与传统半经典方法的显著差异。
摘要：
在四维空间与时间中可视化电子动力学，对于理解自然界中若干普遍存在的物理过程至关重要。为此，超快X射线与电子成像工具已被发展出来，通过时间分辨衍射成像（TRDI）来探测物质动力学。本工作将TRDI的理论框架扩展至激光驱动的固态体系电子动力学情形。我们证明，TRDI信号编码了所研究体系时间依赖电子密度的关键信息，因而使得解读固体中的超快量子动力学与电子转移现象成为可能。我们将所发展的方法应用于中性石墨烯中激光驱动电子动力学的成像，结果表明，完全量子版本的TRDI所给出的预测显著偏离于传统半经典方法所得结果。
英文摘要：
Visualizing the electron dynamics in four dimensions of space and time is crucial to the understanding of several ubiquitous processes in nature. Hence, ultrafast X-ray and electron imaging tools have been developed to probe the dynamics of matter by means of the time-resolved diffraction imaging (TRDI). In this work, we report an extension of the theory underlying the TRDI to the case of the laser-driven electron dynamics in solid state systems. We demonstrate that the TRDI signal encodes essential information about the time-dependent electron density of the system under study and thus makes it possible to decipher the ultrafast quantum dynamics and the electron transfer phenomena in solids. We apply the developed approach to image the laser-driven electron dynamics in neutral graphene showing that the predictions made by the fully quantum version of the TRDI deviate significantly from those obtained with the conventional semiclassical approach.
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