arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2407.03436cs.LG
收藏

环境复杂度在深度强化学习智能体表征学习中的作用

A Role of Environmental Complexity on Representation Learning in Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents

Andrew Liu, Alla Borisyuk

AI总结:

本研究通过模拟导航任务探究环境因素对深度强化学习智能体表征学习的影响,发现捷径接触频率影响导航表现,线索表征依赖规划使用而非单纯接触,空间表征先于策略稳定,且网络编码群体层面的规划轨迹。

摘要:

受用于人类导航者的双解范式(Dual Solutions Paradigm)测试启发,我们开发了一个模拟环境,用于训练深度强化学习智能体完成捷径使用导航任务。我们操控智能体接触捷径和导航线索的频率,以探究这些因素如何影响捷径使用能力的发展。我们发现,一旦初始学习启动,所有智能体在捷径封闭的试验中都能迅速达到最优性能。然而,在捷径开放时,捷径接触频率更高的智能体其导航速度和捷径使用能力提升得更快。对智能体人工神经网络活动的分析显示,与接触线索较少的智能体相比,频繁呈现线索最初会使单个节点的活动对线索的编码效果更好。但最终更强的线索表征是通过在导航规划情境中使用线索形成的,而非仅仅通过接触。我们发现,在所有智能体中,空间表征在训练早期就已形成,随后在导航策略完全发展之前就趋于稳定,这表明具备空间一致的激活是基础导航所必需的,但不足以支撑高级策略。此外,利用新的分析技术,我们发现智能体网络中编码的是规划的轨迹而非智能体的即时位置。而且,这种编码是在群体层面而非单个节点层面表征的。这些技术在研究神经元群体或网络节点的神经活动(而非单个活动模式)方面可能具有更广泛的应用。

英文摘要:

We developed a simulated environment to train deep reinforcement learning agents on a shortcut usage navigation task, motivated by the Dual Solutions Paradigm test used for human navigators. We manipulated the frequency with which agents were exposed to a shortcut and a navigation cue, to investigate how these factors influence shortcut usage development. We find that all agents rapidly achieve optimal performance in closed shortcut trials once initial learning starts. However, their navigation speed and shortcut usage when it is open happen faster in agents with higher shortcut exposure. Analysis of the agents' artificial neural networks activity revealed that frequent presentation of a cue initially resulted in better encoding of the cue in the activity of individual nodes, compared to agents who encountered the cue less often. However, stronger cue representations were ultimately formed through the use of the cue in the context of navigation planning, rather than simply through exposure. We found that in all agents, spatial representations develop early in training and subsequently stabilize before navigation strategies fully develop, suggesting that having spatially consistent activations is necessary for basic navigation, but insufficient for advanced strategies. Further, using new analysis techniques, we found that the planned trajectory rather than the agent's immediate location is encoded in the agent's networks. Moreover, the encoding is represented at the population rather than the individual node level. These techniques could have broader applications in studying neural activity across populations of neurons or network nodes beyond individual activity patterns.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑