MillenniumTNG模拟中的渗流统计
Percolation Statistics in the MillenniumTNG Simulations
AI总结：
本研究利用MillenniumTNG模拟分析宇宙网的渗流统计，发现暗物质渗流阈值随红移演化且受数值分辨率影响，在控制采样密度后仍可作为互补的宇宙学测试。
摘要：
宇宙大尺度结构的统计分析通常基于简单的两点摘要统计，如星系或其他示踪物样本的功率谱或两点相关函数。相比之下，聚类的拓扑测度也对高阶相关敏感，因此有望获取可能具有重要约束能力的额外信息。我们在此以所谓的渗流分析形式，重新审视了宇宙网的一种此类几何测度，使用了最近的LCDM范式的MillenniumTNG模拟套件。我们分析了高分辨率暗物质粒子分布以及来自半解析星系成星模型的星系模拟星表在边长为3000 Mpc的周期性模拟体积中的连续渗流统计。作为比较，我们还研究了随机粒子集和具有两种不同粒子总质量的微子分布的渗流统计。我们发现暗物质分布的渗流统计随红移因而随聚类强度强烈演化，在较晚时期产生逐渐降低的渗流阈值。然而，存在对数值分辨率的可观残余依赖，我们将其解释为不同水平散粒噪声的残余影响。我们对星系模拟星表的分析证实了这一点，其结果对采样密度的依赖强于对星系选择标准的依赖。尽管这限制了渗流统计的区分能力，我们的结果表明，在控制采样密度的情况下，它仍然可作为互补的宇宙学测试而保持有用。
英文摘要：
The statistical analysis of cosmic large-scale structure is most often based on simple two-point summary statistics, like the power spectrum or the two-point correlation function of a sample of galaxies or other types of tracers. In contrast, topological measures of clustering are also sensitive to higher-order correlations, and thus offer the prospect to access additional information that may harbor important constraining power. We here revisit one such geometric measure of the cosmic web in the form of the so-called percolation analysis, using the recent MillenniumTNG simulation suite of the LCDM paradigm. We analyze continuum percolation statistics both for high resolution dark matter particle distributions, as well as for galaxy mock catalogues from a semi-analytic galaxy formation model within a periodic simulation volume of 3000 Mpc on a side. For comparison, we also investigate the percolation statistics of random particle sets and neutrino distributions with two different summed particle masses. We find that the percolation statistics of the dark matter distribution evolves strongly with redshift and thus clustering strength, yielding progressively lower percolation threshold towards later times. However, there is a sizable residual dependence on numerical resolution which we interpret as a residual influence of different levels of shot noise. This is corroborated by our analysis of galaxy mock catalogues whose results depend on sampling density more strongly than on galaxy selection criteria. While this limits the discriminative power of percolation statistics, our results suggest that it still remains useful as a complementary cosmological test when controlled for sampling density.
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