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从极端质量比有效场论看引力散射及其拓展

Gravitational Scattering and Beyond from Extreme Mass Ratio Effective Field Theory

Clifford Cheung, Julio Parra-Martinez, Ira Z. Rothstein, Nabha Shah, Jordan Wilson-Gerow

备注：
77 pages, 10 figures (corrected minor typos and added minor clarifications)
发表信息：
J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 5 (2024)
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AI总结：

本文基于极端质量比有效场论，通过积分掉重粒子偏离惯性轨迹的偏差并引入反冲算符，从经典背景和轨迹中提取多圈被积函数，验证并新计算了电磁与引力中的两圈经典散射。

摘要：

我们探索了一种最近提出的有效场论，该理论在质量比展开（也称为自力（SF）展开）中描述电磁或引力相互作用的大质量粒子。通过将重粒子偏离其惯性轨迹的偏差积分掉，我们得到一个有效作用量，其唯一自由度是轻粒子以及光子或引力子，它们都在库仑或史瓦西背景中传播。0SF动力学由通常的背景场方法描述，在1SF时补充了一个编码重粒子摆动的“反冲算符”，并且在2SF及更高阶出现类似可计算的修正。我们的形式利用了这样一个事实：经典背景和粒子轨迹的解析表达式编码了所有耦合阶的动力学信息，并从中提取用于微扰散射的多圈被积函数。作为检验，我们研究了电磁和引力中标量粒子的两圈经典散射，验证了已知结果。然后我们给出了新的计算：双子（dyon）的两圈经典散射，以及与额外标量场或矢量场相互作用的粒子的两圈经典散射，其中该额外场直接耦合到轻粒子，但只通过引力耦合到重粒子。

英文摘要：

We explore a recently proposed effective field theory describing electromagnetically or gravitationally interacting massive particles in an expansion about their mass ratio, also known as the self-force (SF) expansion. By integrating out the deviation of the heavy particle about its inertial trajectory, we obtain an effective action whose only degrees of freedom are the lighter particle together with the photon or graviton, all propagating in a Coulomb or Schwarzschild background. The 0SF dynamics are described by the usual background field method, which at 1SF is supplemented by a "recoil operator" that encodes the wobble of the heavy particle, and similarly computable corrections appearing at 2SF and higher. Our formalism exploits the fact that the analytic expressions for classical backgrounds and particle trajectories encode dynamical information to all orders in the couplings, and from them we extract multiloop integrands for perturbative scattering. As a check, we study the two-loop classical scattering of scalar particles in electromagnetism and gravity, verifying known results. We then present new calculations for the two-loop classical scattering of dyons, and of particles interacting with an additional scalar or vector field coupling directly to the lighter particle but only gravitationally to the heavier particle.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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