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用于探测超高能宇宙射线的EUSO-SPB2荧光望远镜

The EUSO-SPB2 Fluorescence Telescope for the Detection of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

James H. Adams, Denis Allard, Phillip Alldredge, Luis Anchordoqui, Anna Anzalone, Matteo Battisti, Alexander A. Belov, Mario Bertaina, Peter F. Bertone, Sylvie … 展开作者

James H. Adams, Denis Allard, Phillip Alldredge, Luis Anchordoqui, Anna Anzalone, Matteo Battisti, Alexander A. Belov, Mario Bertaina, Peter F. Bertone, Sylvie Blin-Bondil, Julia Burton, Francesco S. Cafagna, Marco Casolino, Karel Černý, Mark J. Christ, Roberta Colalillo, Hank J. Crawford, Alexandre Creusot, Austin Cummings, Rebecca Diesing, Alessandro Di Nola, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, Johannes Eser, Silvia Ferrarese, George Filippatos, William W. Finch, Flavia Flaminio, Claudio Fornaro, Duncan Fuehne, Christer Fuglesang, Diksha Garg, Alessio Golzio, Fausto Guarino, Claire Guépin, Tobias Heibges, Eleanor G. Judd, Pavel A. Klimov, John F. Krizmanic, Viktoria Kungel, Luke Kupari, Evgeny Kuznetsov, Massimiliano Manfrin, Wlodzimierz Marszal, John N. Matthews, Marco Mese, Stephan S. Meyer, Marco Mignone, Hiroko Miyamoto, Alexey S. Murashov, Jane M. Nachtman, Angela V. Olinto, Yasar Onel, Giuseppe Osteria, Beatrice Panico, Ètienne Parizot, Tom Paul, Miroslav Pech, Francesco Perfetto, Lech W. Piotrowski, Zbigniew Plebaniak, Jonatan Posligua, Guillaume Prévôt, Marika Przybylak, Patrick Reardon, Mary Hall Reno, Marco Ricci, Fred Sarazin, P. Schovánek, Valentina Scotti, Kenji Shinozaki, Jorge F. Soriano, Ben K. Stillwell, Jacek Szabelski, Yoshiyuki Takizawa, Daniil Trofimov, Fredrik Unel, Laura Valore, Tonia M. Venters, John Watts, Lawrence Wiencke, Hannah Wistrand, Roy Young

AI总结:

EUSO-SPB2荧光望远镜于2023年飞行,利用下一代仪器从近空间探测超高能宇宙射线,虽未发现候选事件,但记录的数据为未来实验提供了探测器稳定性与大气紫外发射率的重要见解。

摘要:

超压气球2号极端宇宙空间天文台(EUSO-SPB2)于2023年5月13日和14日飞行。该有效载荷由两台新型光学望远镜组成,利用下一代仪器从近空间观测广延大气簇射。其中一台仪器荧光望远镜(FT)通过使用108个多阳极光电倍增管(共计6,912个通道),以1 μs的时间分辨率在近紫外波段记录气球下方的大气,来搜寻超高能宇宙射线(UHECRs)。通过野外活动期间的飞行前测量验证,能量阈值估计约为2 EeV,预期事件率约为每10小时观测1个事件。基于有限的飞行时间,整个飞行期间预期的UHECR观测数量在0到2之间。与这一预期一致,未发现UHECR候选事件。大多数事件似乎是探测器伪迹,由于调试阶段缩短而未被正确剔除。尽管飞行提前终止,但记录的数据为探测器在近空间环境中的稳定性以及大气的漫紫外发射率提供了见解,这两者对未来实验都具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) flew on May 13$^{\text{th}}$ and 14$^{\text{th}}$ of 2023. Consisting of two novel optical telescopes, the payload utilized next-generation instrumentation for the observations of extensive air showers from near space. One instrument, the fluorescence telescope (FT) searched for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) by recording the atmosphere below the balloon in the near-UV with a 1~$μ$s time resolution using 108 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes with a total of 6,912 channels. Validated by pre-flight measurements during a field campaign, the energy threshold was estimated around 2~EeV with an expected event rate of approximately 1 event per 10 hours of observation. Based on the limited time afloat, the expected number of UHECR observations throughout the flight is between 0 and 2. Consistent with this expectation, no UHECR candidate events have been found. The majority of events appear to be detector artifacts that were not rejected properly due to a shortened commissioning phase. Despite the earlier-than-expected termination of the flight, data were recorded which provide insights into the detectors stability in the near-space environment as well as the diffuse ultraviolet emissivity of the atmosphere, both of which are impactful to future experiments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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