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arXiv 2406.07587quant-phcs.ET
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求解最大团问题的量子退火算法分析

An Analysis of Quantum Annealing Algorithms for Solving the Maximum Clique Problem

Alessandro Gherardi, Alberto Leporati

AI总结:

本文针对D-Wave量子退火器求解最大团问题受164节点嵌入限制的瓶颈,提出图分解与图生成算法,并统计分析了图结构参数对解质量的影响,给出提高获得近最优解概率的实用建议。

摘要:

量子退火器可用于求解许多(可能是NP难的)组合优化问题,方法是将这些问题表述为二次无约束二值优化(QUBO)问题,或等价地使用伊辛表述。本文分析了D-Wave量子退火器在图上寻找最大团的能力,并将该问题表述为QUBO问题。由于退火器施加的164个节点嵌入限制,我们对图分解进行了研究,以使实例能够被嵌入。因此,我们针对互补的最大独立集问题提出了一种分解算法,并提出了一种图生成算法,用于控制节点数量、团数量、密度、连通性指数以及解大小与其他节点数量的比率。随后,我们统计分析了这些变量如何影响量子退火器所找到解的质量。我们的研究结果包括关于不应超过的比率和密度限制的建议,以及一系列为最大化获得接近最优解的概率而应采取的预防措施和先验分析。

英文摘要:

Quantum annealers can be used to solve many (possibly NP-hard) combinatorial optimization problems, by formulating them as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems or, equivalently, using the Ising formulation. In this paper we analyse the ability of quantum D-Wave annealers to find the maximum clique on a graph, expressed as a QUBO problem. Due to the embedding limit of 164 nodes imposed by the anneler, we conducted a study on graph decomposition to enable instance embedding. We thus propose a decomposition algorithm for the complementary maximum independent set problem, and a graph generation algorithm to control the number of nodes, the number of cliques, the density, the connectivity indices and the ratio of the solution size to the number of other nodes. We then statistically analysed how these variables affect the quality of the solutions found by the quantum annealer. The results of our investigation include recommendations on ratio and density limits not to be exceeded, as well as a series of precautions and a priori analyses to be carried out in order to maximise the probability of obtaining a solution close to the optimum.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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