纠缠顶夸克的魔力
The magic of entangled top quarks
AI总结：
本文研究LC上顶反顶夸克对产生中的量子“魔力”，发现其随末态运动学变化且质子层次平均通常增强魔力，从而连接量子计算与粒子物理。
摘要：
近年来，越来越多的工作研究如何在高能粒子物理实验中测量量子纠缠，从而补充传统的桌面实验。这引出了一个问题：是否有更多来自量子计算的概念可以在对撞机上进行检验。我们在此考虑“魔力”（magic）这一属性，它区分了那些相对于经典态具有真正计算优势的量子态。我们考察了LHC上的顶夸克–反顶夸克对产生过程，表明自然界会选择产生具有魔力的顶夸克，且魔力的多少随末态的运动学情况而变化。我们比较了各个部分子层次通道和质子层次的结果，表明对末态取平均通常会增强魔力。这与纠缠度量（例如concurrence）形成对比，后者通常会减小。我们的结果在量子信息与粒子物理文献之间建立了新的联系，并为进一步研究提供了实用的洞见。
英文摘要：
Recent years have seen an increasing body of work examining how quantum entanglement can be measured at high energy particle physics experiments, thereby complementing traditional table-top experiments. This raises the question of whether more concepts from quantum computation can be examined at colliders, and we here consider the property of magic, which distinguishes those quantum states which have a genuine computational advantage over classical states. We examine top anti-top pair production at the LHC, showing that nature chooses to produce magic tops, where the amount of magic varies with the kinematics of the final state. We compare results for individual partonic channels and at proton-level, showing that averaging over final states typically increases magic. This is in contrast to entanglement measures, such as the concurrence, which typically decrease. Our results create new links between the quantum information and particle physics literatures, providing practical insights for further study.
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