Improved context-sensitive transformer model for inland vessel trajectory prediction
Institute of Ship Technology, Ocean Engineering and Transport Systems (ISMT), University of Duisburg-Essen（杜伊斯堡-埃森大学船舶技术、海洋工程与运输系统研究所（ISMT））；German Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute（德国联邦航道工程与研究院）；University of Duisburg-Essen（杜伊斯堡-埃森大学）
Kathrin Donandt, Karim Böttger, Dirk Söffker
发表信息：
Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), Bilbao, Spain, pp. 5903-5908
Physics-related and model-based vessel trajectory prediction is highly accurate but requires specific knowledge of the vessel under consideration which is not always practical. Machine learning-based trajectory prediction models do not require expert knowledge, but rely on the implicit knowledge extracted from massive amounts of data. Several deep learning (DL) methods for vessel trajectory prediction have recently been suggested. The DL models developed typically only process information about the (dis)location of vessels defined with respect to a global reference system. In the context of inland navigation, this can be problematic, since without knowledge of the limited navigable space, irrealistic trajectories are likely to be determined. If spatial constraintes are introduced, e.g., by implementing an additional submodule to process map data, however, overall complexity increases. Instead of processing the vessel displacement information on the one hand and the spatial information on the other hand, the paper proposes the merging of both information. Here, fairway-related and navigation-related displacement information are used directly. In this way, the previously proposed context-sensitive Classification Transformer (CSCT) shows an improved spatial awareness. Additionally, the CSCT is adapted to assess the model uncertainty by enabling dropout during inference. This approach is trained on different inland waterways to analyze its generalizability. As the improved CSCT obtains lower prediction errors and enables to estimate the trustworthiness of each prediction, it is more suitable for safety-critical applications in inland navigation than previously developed models.
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University of Duisburg-Essen（杜伊斯堡-埃森大学）；Institute of Ship Technology, Ocean Engineering and Transport Systems（船舶技术、海洋工程与交通系统研究所）；Chair of Dynamics and Control（动力学与控制讲席）
AIS Data-Driven Maritime Monitoring Based on Transformer: A Comprehensive Review
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