室温下钙钛矿超表面中80%激子分数极化子的长程弹道传播
Long-range ballistic propagation of 80$\%$-excitonic-fraction polaritons in a perovskite metasurface at room temperature
AI总结：
本研究在室温下钙钛矿柱超表面中实现了80%激子分数极化子的长程弹道传播，通过巨大Rabi劈裂解耦声子浴并结合高群速设计，传播距离达数百微米，并引入偏振控制单向传播机制，为先进极化子器件开发开辟新途径。
摘要：
激子-极化子是半导体激子与光子纳米结构中的光子强耦合产生的光-物质混合元激发，为探索光量子流体物理及开发全光器件提供了丰富的平台。然而，实现具有大激子分数的极化子的室温传播仍然是一个重大挑战，而这对于未来器件中的非线性光传输至关重要。在此，我们报告了室温下由钙钛矿柱亚波长晶格构成的共振超表面中激子-极化子传播的实验研究。得益于比光学声子能量大一个数量级的巨大Rabi劈裂，下极化子带与钙钛矿晶体的声子浴完全解耦。这些冷却极化子的长寿命，结合通过超表面设计实现的高群速，使得无论极化子的激子分数如何，都能实现长程传播。值得注意的是，我们在室温下观察到超过数百微米的传播距离，即使极化子具有约80%的极高激子组分。此外，超表面的设计引入了一种通过偏振控制来引导单向传播的新机制。这一利用高速冷却极化子的弹道传播模式的发现，为开发先进极化子器件开辟了有前景的途径。
英文摘要：
Exciton-polaritons, hybrid light-matter elementary excitations arising from the strong coupling regime between excitons in semiconductors and photons in photonic nanostructures, offer a fruitful playground to explore the physics of quantum fluids of light as well as to develop all-optical devices. However, achieving room temperature propagation of polaritons with a large excitonic fraction, which would be crucial, e.g., for nonlinear light transport in prospective devices, remains a significant challenge. } Here we report on experimental studies of exciton-polariton propagation at room temperature in resonant metasurfaces made from a sub-wavelength lattice of perovskite pillars. Thanks to the large Rabi splitting, an order of magnitude larger than the optical phonon energy, the lower polariton band is completely decoupled from the phonon bath of perovskite crystals. The long lifetime of these cooled polaritons, in combination with the high group velocity achieved through the metasurface design, enables long-range propagation regardless of the polariton excitonic fraction. Remarkably, we observed propagation distances exceeding hundreds of micrometers at room temperature, even when the polaritons possess a very high excitonic component, approximately {80}$\%$. Furthermore, the design of the metasurface introduces an original mechanism for directing uni-directional propagation through polarization control. This discovery of a ballistic propagation mode, leveraging high-speed cooled polaritons, heralds a promising avenue for the development of advanced polaritonic devices.
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