积云与CCNs再生成对气溶胶垂直分布和尺度的影响
The Impact of Cumulus Clouds and CCNs Regeneration on Aerosol Vertical Distribution and Size
AI总结：
本研究通过高分辨率SAM-SBM模拟，揭示了浅积云通过蒸发再生成过程显著改变低层气溶胶垂直分布和尺度，并可作为巨型云凝结核来源，且降水与非降水云均增强逆温层气溶胶浓度。
摘要：
本研究采用高分辨率（10米）的大气模拟系统（SAM）耦合谱分档微物理（SBM）方案，深入探究控制浅积云内外气溶胶特性演变的物理过程。该模型涵盖了云滴的完整生命周期，从其形成、演变直至完全蒸发或沉降到地面。此外，模型还追踪了云滴内和空气中气溶胶的演变过程。气溶胶在云滴内被传输，通过云滴合并而增长，并在云滴蒸发后释放到大气中（再生成过程）。气溶胶浓度因云滴蒸发而增加，并随雨滴下落而减少。因此，云对周围气溶胶的影响取决于微物理和动力学过程，而这些过程又取决于背景气溶胶的数量；在此，我们比较了清洁和污染条件下的情况。结果表明，云显著影响对流层低层气溶胶浓度的垂直廓线及其尺度分布，并可作为大（巨型）云凝结核的来源。此外，研究还表明，无论是降水性还是非降水性的边界层云，都会因强烈蒸发而导致逆温层内气溶胶浓度显著增加。
英文摘要：
This study employs a high-resolution (10m) System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM) coupled with the Spectral Bin Microphysical (SBM) scheme to thoroughly investigate the processes governing the evolution of aerosol properties within and outside a shallow cumulus cloud. The model encompasses the complete life cycle of cloud droplets, starting from their formation through their evolution until their complete evaporation or sedimentation to the ground. Additionally, the model tracks the aerosols' evolution both within droplets and in the air. Aerosols are transported within the droplets, grow by droplet coalescence, and are released into the atmosphere after droplet evaporation (regeneration process). The aerosol concentration increases by droplet evaporation and decreases along with falling drops. So, the effects of clouds on the surrounding aerosols depend on the microphysical and dynamic processes, which in turn depend on the amount of background aerosols; here, we compare clean and polluted conditions. It is shown that clouds significantly impact the vertical profile of aerosol concentration in the lower troposphere, as well as their size distribution, and can serve as a source of large (giant) cloud condensation nuclei. Furthermore, it is shown that both precipitating and non-precipitating boundary layer clouds contribute to a substantial increase in aerosol concentration within the inversion layer due to intense evaporation.
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