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arXiv 2405.07905eess.IVcs.CV

PLUTO:病理学通用Transformer

PLUTO: Pathology-Universal Transformer

PathAI(派斯艾公司)
Dinkar Juyal, Harshith Padigela, Chintan Shah, Daniel Shenker, Natalia Harguindeguy, Yi Liu, Blake Martin, Yibo Zhang, Michael Nercessian, Miles Markey, Isaac F… 展开作者

Dinkar Juyal, Harshith Padigela, Chintan Shah, Daniel Shenker, Natalia Harguindeguy, Yi Liu, Blake Martin, Yibo Zhang, Michael Nercessian, Miles Markey, Isaac Finberg, Kelsey Luu, Daniel Borders, Syed Ashar Javed, Emma Krause, Raymond Biju, Aashish Sood, Allen Ma, Jackson Nyman, John Shamshoian, Guillaume Chhor, Darpan Sanghavi, Marc Thibault, Limin Yu, Fedaa Najdawi, Jennifer A. Hipp, Darren Fahy, Benjamin Glass, Eric Walk, John Abel, Harsha Pokkalla, Andrew H. Beck, Sean Grullon

AI总结:

本研究提出轻量级病理基础模型PLUTO,在1.95亿图像块数据上预训练,通过任务适配头支持多尺度病理任务,在多基准测试中性能比肩或超越更大规模的同类模型,为病理图像通用嵌入分析提供了方向。

摘要:

病理学是研究组织显微检查的学科,病理学诊断通常是疾病诊断的医学金标准。病理学图像给基于计算机视觉的分析带来了独特挑战:单张病理全切片图像(WSI)可达十亿像素级,通常在多个分辨率下包含数十万到数百万个感兴趣目标。本研究中,我们提出PathoLogy Universal TransfOrmer(PLUTO):一种轻量级病理基础模型(FM),它在从多个站点收集的1.95亿个图像块的多样化数据集上预训练,能在多个WSI尺度下提取有意义的表征,支持大量下游病理学任务。具体而言,我们设计了任务特定适配头,利用PLUTO的输出嵌入处理从亚细胞到切片级的跨病理尺度任务,包括实例分割、图像块分类和切片级预测。我们在涵盖多种生物学相关任务、组织类型、分辨率、染色方式和扫描仪的多样化内外基准测试集上,将PLUTO的性能与其他前沿方法进行了对比。结果发现,PLUTO的性能与现有任务特定基线模型和病理专用基础模型相当或更优,其中部分对比模型使用的数据集规模和模型大小比PLUTO高出数个数量级。我们的研究结果为实现支撑病理学图像分析的通用嵌入提供了路径,也推动了在数据多样性、架构改进、样本效率以及实际应用落地性方面对病理基础模型的进一步探索。

英文摘要:

Pathology is the study of microscopic inspection of tissue, and a pathology diagnosis is often the medical gold standard to diagnose disease. Pathology images provide a unique challenge for computer-vision-based analysis: a single pathology Whole Slide Image (WSI) is gigapixel-sized and often contains hundreds of thousands to millions of objects of interest across multiple resolutions. In this work, we propose PathoLogy Universal TransfOrmer (PLUTO): a light-weight pathology FM that is pre-trained on a diverse dataset of 195 million image tiles collected from multiple sites and extracts meaningful representations across multiple WSI scales that enable a large variety of downstream pathology tasks. In particular, we design task-specific adaptation heads that utilize PLUTO's output embeddings for tasks which span pathology scales ranging from subcellular to slide-scale, including instance segmentation, tile classification, and slide-level prediction. We compare PLUTO's performance to other state-of-the-art methods on a diverse set of external and internal benchmarks covering multiple biologically relevant tasks, tissue types, resolutions, stains, and scanners. We find that PLUTO matches or outperforms existing task-specific baselines and pathology-specific foundation models, some of which use orders-of-magnitude larger datasets and model sizes when compared to PLUTO. Our findings present a path towards a universal embedding to power pathology image analysis, and motivate further exploration around pathology foundation models in terms of data diversity, architectural improvements, sample efficiency, and practical deployability in real-world applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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