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arXiv 2405.04034cs.LGcs.CRcs.CY
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用于公平回归的差分隐私后处理

Differentially Private Post-Processing for Fair Regression

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);University of Waterloo(滑铁卢大学);Vector Institute(矢量研究所)

Ruicheng Xian, Qiaobo Li, Gautam Kamath, Han Zhao

AI总结:

本文提出一种差分隐私后处理算法,通过直方图密度估计、拉普拉斯机制和Wasserstein重心对回归器输出进行重映射,在保护隐私的同时实现统计均等公平性,并分析了箱数选择带来的偏差-方差权衡。

摘要:

本文描述了一种差分隐私后处理算法,用于学习满足统计均等的公平回归器,既解决了在敏感数据上训练的机器学习模型的隐私问题,也解决了这些模型可能传播历史偏见的公平性问题。我们的算法可应用于对任意给定回归器进行后处理,通过重新映射其输出来提升公平性。该算法由三个步骤组成:首先,通过直方图密度估计和拉普拉斯机制以差分隐私方式估计输出分布;然后计算这些分布的Wasserstein重心;最后利用到重心的最优传输进行后处理以满足公平性。我们分析了算法的样本复杂度并提供了公平性保证,揭示了直方图箱数选择所导致的统计偏差与方差之间的权衡,其中使用更少的箱数总是以牺牲误差为代价来有利于公平性。

英文摘要:

This paper describes a differentially private post-processing algorithm for learning fair regressors satisfying statistical parity, addressing privacy concerns of machine learning models trained on sensitive data, as well as fairness concerns of their potential to propagate historical biases. Our algorithm can be applied to post-process any given regressor to improve fairness by remapping its outputs. It consists of three steps: first, the output distributions are estimated privately via histogram density estimation and the Laplace mechanism, then their Wasserstein barycenter is computed, and the optimal transports to the barycenter are used for post-processing to satisfy fairness. We analyze the sample complexity of our algorithm and provide fairness guarantee, revealing a trade-off between the statistical bias and variance induced from the choice of the number of bins in the histogram, in which using less bins always favors fairness at the expense of error.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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