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arXiv 2404.08686cs.CLcs.LG
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基于机器学习方法的隐私政策文档抽取式文本摘要

Extractive text summarisation of Privacy Policy documents using machine learning approaches

University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学)

Chanwoo Choi

AI总结:

本研究针对隐私政策文档抽取式摘要任务,提出基于GDPR核心主题的预定义质心聚类模型,经评估其表现优于通用K-means模型,验证了无监督模型任务微调的有效性,可拓展用于隐私政策合规检测。

摘要:

本研究展示了两种基于不同聚类算法的隐私政策(Privacy Policy, PP)摘要模型:K-means聚类和预定义质心(Pre-determined Centroid, PDC)聚类。在对十种常用聚类算法进行广泛评估后,研究确定将K-means用于第一种模型。基于PDC聚类算法的摘要模型通过计算每个句子到预定义聚类中心的欧氏距离来划分单个句子,从而生成PP文档摘要,其中聚类中心是根据《通用数据保护条例》(General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR)规定的所有隐私声明必须包含的14个核心主题定义的。在平方距离和(Sum of Squared Distance, SSD)和ROUGE两种评估方法下,PDC模型的表现均优于K-means模型,领先幅度分别为27%和24%。这一结果与K-means模型在任务特定评估前的句子向量通用聚类中表现更优的情况形成对比,表明在无监督机器学习模型上采取任务特定微调措施是有效的。本文实现的摘要机制提出了一种高效抽取所有PP文档应包含的核心句子的思路,这些摘要模型可进一步开发为用于检测PP文档是否符合GDPR(或任何数据隐私法规)要求的应用。

英文摘要:

This work demonstrates two Privacy Policy (PP) summarisation models based on two different clustering algorithms: K-means clustering and Pre-determined Centroid (PDC) clustering. K-means is decided to be used for the first model after an extensive evaluation of ten commonly used clustering algorithms. The summariser model based on the PDC-clustering algorithm summarises PP documents by segregating individual sentences by Euclidean distance from each sentence to the pre-defined cluster centres. The cluster centres are defined according to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)'s 14 essential topics that must be included in any privacy notices. The PDC model outperformed the K-means model for two evaluation methods, Sum of Squared Distance (SSD) and ROUGE by some margin (27% and 24% respectively). This result contrasts the K-means model's better performance in the general clustering of sentence vectors before running the task-specific evaluation. This indicates the effectiveness of operating task-specific fine-tuning measures on unsupervised machine-learning models. The summarisation mechanisms implemented in this paper demonstrates an idea of how to efficiently extract essential sentences that should be included in any PP documents. The summariser models could be further developed to an application that tests the GDPR-compliance (or any data privacy legislation) of PP documents.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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