arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2404.08064eess.AScs.AIcs.CRcs.LG
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语音匿名化对病理学的影响及其局限性

The Impact of Speech Anonymization on Pathology and Its Limits

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学);University Hospital RWTH Aachen(亚琛工业大学医院);Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学)

Soroosh Tayebi Arasteh, Tomas Arias-Vergara, Paula Andrea Perez-Toro, Tobias Weise, Kai Packhaeuser, Maria Schuster, Elmar Noeth, Andreas Maier, Seung Hee Yang

AI总结:

本研究调查语音匿名化技术对病理语音的影响,发现其能显著提升隐私保护且对诊断效用影响极小,但效果因障碍类型而异,需开发针对特定障碍的定制化匿名化策略。

摘要:

将语音整合进医疗保健加剧了隐私担忧,因为语音作为一种包含个体生物特征信息的非侵入性生物标志物具有潜在风险。为此,说话人匿名化旨在隐藏个人身份信息,同时保留关键的语言内容。然而,将匿名化技术应用于病理语音这一隐私尤为重要的关键领域,尚未得到广泛检验。本研究调查了匿名化对病理语音的影响,数据涵盖来自多个德国机构的超过2700名说话人,重点关注隐私、病理效用和人口统计学公平性。我们探索了基于深度学习和基于信号处理的匿名化方法。我们记录了跨各种障碍的显著隐私改善——表现为等错误率增加高达1933%,而对总体效用的影响极小。特定障碍如构音障碍、发声障碍和唇腭裂的效用变化极小,而构音障碍显示略有改善。我们的发现强调,匿名化的影响在不同障碍间差异显著。这需要针对特定障碍的匿名化策略,以在隐私与诊断效用之间取得最佳平衡。此外,我们的公平性分析揭示了在大多数人口统计群体中匿名化效果的一致性。本研究证明了匿名化在病理语音中增强隐私的有效性,同时强调了定制化和针对特定障碍的方法对于应对反演攻击的重要性。

英文摘要:

Integration of speech into healthcare has intensified privacy concerns due to its potential as a non-invasive biomarker containing individual biometric information. In response, speaker anonymization aims to conceal personally identifiable information while retaining crucial linguistic content. However, the application of anonymization techniques to pathological speech, a critical area where privacy is especially vital, has not been extensively examined. This study investigates anonymization's impact on pathological speech across over 2,700 speakers from multiple German institutions, focusing on privacy, pathological utility, and demographic fairness. We explore both deep-learning-based and signal processing-based anonymization methods. We document substantial privacy improvements across disorders-evidenced by equal error rate increases up to 1933%, with minimal overall impact on utility. Specific disorders such as Dysarthria, Dysphonia, and Cleft Lip and Palate experience minimal utility changes, while Dysglossia shows slight improvements. Our findings underscore that the impact of anonymization varies substantially across different disorders. This necessitates disorder-specific anonymization strategies to optimally balance privacy with diagnostic utility. Additionally, our fairness analysis reveals consistent anonymization effects across most of the demographics. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of anonymization in pathological speech for enhancing privacy, while also highlighting the importance of customized and disorder-specific approaches to account for inversion attacks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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