W. J. G. de Blok, J. Healy, F. M. Maccagni, D. J. Pisano, A. Bosma, J. English, T. Jarrett, A. Marasco, G. R. Meurer, S. Veronese, F. Bigiel, L. Chemin, F. Frat… 展开作者
W. J. G. de Blok, J. Healy, F. M. Maccagni, D. J. Pisano, A. Bosma, J. English, T. Jarrett, A. Marasco, G. R. Meurer, S. Veronese, F. Bigiel, L. Chemin, F. Fraternali, B. W. Holwerda, P. Kamphuis, H. R. Klöckner, D. Kleiner, A. K. Leroy, M. Mogotsi, K. A. Oman, E. Schinnerer, L. Verdes-Montenegro, T. Westmeier, O. I. Wong, N. Zabel, P. Amram, C. Carignan, F. Combes, E. Brinks, R. J. Dettmar, B. K. Gibson, G. I. G. Jozsa, B. S. Koribalski, S. S. McGaugh, T. A. Oosterloo, K. Spekkens, A. C. Schröder, E. A. K. Adams, E. Athanassoula, M. A. Bershady, R. J. Beswick, S. Blyth, E. C. Elson, B. S. Frank, G. Heald, P. A. Henning, S. Kurapati, S. I. Loubser, D. Lucero, M. Meyer, B. Namumba, S. -H. Oh, A. Sardone, K. Sheth, M. W. L. Smith, A. Sorgho, F. Walter, T. Williams, P. A. Woudt, A. Zijlstra
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Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
MHONGOOSE(MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters)巡天测绘了30个邻近恒星形成旋涡星系和矮星系内部及周围的中性原子氢(HI)气体的分布和运动学,直至极低的HI柱密度。HI柱密度灵敏度(3σ,16 km/s)范围从90角秒分辨率下的约5×10^{17} cm^{-2}到7角秒最高分辨率下的约4×10^{19} cm^{-2}。HI质量灵敏度(3σ,50 km/s)在10 Mpc距离(样本星系的中位距离)下约为5.5×10^5 M_sun。数据的速度分辨率为1.4 km/s。巡天的主要科学目标之一是探测样本星系外围的冷吸积气体。样本的选择覆盖了从10^7 M_sun到接近10^{11} M_sun的HI质量范围,以最优地采样可能的吸积情景和环境。样本星系的距离范围从3到23 Mpc。在本文中,我们介绍了样本选择、巡天设计以及观测和数据处理流程。我们将基于MeerKAT数据的积分HI通量与单碟测量得到的通量进行比较,发现两者吻合良好,表明我们的MeerKAT观测恢复了所有通量。我们基于巡天数据的前百分之十展示了整个样本的HI矩图,发现零阶矩和一阶矩值的比较显示了恒星形成区域和非恒星形成区域中HI物理性质的明显分离,这与冷中性介质的形成有关。最后,我们概述了30个场中HI探测到的伴星系和卫星星系,其中五个此前未被编目。我们发现伴星系数量与主目标星系质量之间存在明确的关系。
英文摘要:
The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from ~ 5 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} at 90'' resolution to ~4 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is ~5.5 X 10^5 M_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10^7 M_sun to almost 10^{11} M_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy.
Tracing neutral hydrogen in UGCA 320: A MHONGOOSE perspective on an edge-on dwarf galaxy in a group environment
University of Cape Town(开普敦大学);Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)(荷兰射电天文研究所 (ASTRON));Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学物理与天文学学院乔德雷克天体物理学中心);Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所);Ruhr University Bochum(波鸿鲁尔大学);Centre for Space Research, North-West University(西北大学空间研究中心)
HI absorption in MHONGOOSE -- Spin temperatures and cold neutral medium in nearby disk galaxies
Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)(荷兰射电天文研究所);University of Cape Town(开普敦大学);Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡佩坦天文研究所);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari(意大利国家天体物理研究所-卡利亚里天文台);Wits Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand(威特沃特斯兰德大学物理学院天体物理中心);Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg(斯特拉斯堡大学,法国国家科学研究中心,斯特拉斯堡天文台);INAF – Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory(意大利国家天体物理研究所-阿尔切特里天文台);Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学物理与天文系)
The ultra-deep HI radial profiles of late-type galaxies from MHONGOOSE
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所);Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town(开普敦大学天文学系);Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire(赫特福德大学天体物理研究中心);Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学物理与天文学院乔德雷尔银行天体物理中心);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡利亚里天文台);Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)(荷兰射电天文研究所)
我们提出的科学案例和观测计划的MeerKAT天炉座调查,HI和无线电连续调查的天炉座星系团进行与SKA前体MeerKAT。天炉座是20 Mpc以内第二大的星团,也是南半球最大的邻近星团。它的低X射线光度使它代表了大多数星系生活的环境,以及发生重大星系演化的环境。天炉座的持续增长使其成为研究星系团组装、星系团中气体吸积和剥离的物理学以及这些过程与宇宙网中中性介质之间的联系的绝佳实验室。我们将观测到一个12度的$^2$区域,其距离星团中心的投影距离为1.5百万秒差距。我们将在1kpc分辨率下研究低至1e+19 cm $^{-2}$的几倍柱密度的已分辨星系的HI形态,测量低至M(HI)5e+5 M(太阳)的HI质量函数的斜率,并在此基础上研究高至1e+19 cm的几倍柱密度的已分辨星系的HI形态。并试图在10千秒差距的分辨率下探测到宇宙网中达到1e+18 cm $^{-2}$柱密度的HI。
Virgo Filaments VII: MeerKAT HI-imaging of the VirgoIII filament
Rhodes University(罗兹大学);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡利亚里天文台);Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)(洛桑联邦理工学院天体物理实验室);LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS(巴黎天文台拉格朗日天体物理实验室,巴黎文理研究大学,法国国家科学研究中心);Siena College(锡耶纳学院);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova(意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台);University of Kansas(堪萨斯大学);Observatoire de Paris, LUX, Collège de France, CNRS, PSL University, Sorbonne University(巴黎天文台卢克索姆实验室,法兰西公学院,法国国家科学研究中心,巴黎文理研究大学,索邦大学);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste(意大利国家天体物理研究所的里雅斯特天文台);INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站)
Rhodes University(罗德斯大学);Queen’s University(女王大学);Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University(亚瑟·B·麦克唐纳加拿大高能粒子物理研究所,女王大学);IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe(宇宙基础物理研究所 (IFPU));Seoul National University(首尔大学);The University of Western Australia(西澳大学)