针对n_TOF EAR2的$(n,γ)$截面测量优化的分段式全能量探测器（sTED）
A Segmented Total Energy Detector (sTED) optimized for $(n,γ)$ cross-section measurements at n_TOF EAR2
AI总结：
针对CERN的n_TOF设施EAR2高中子通量导致原有俘获探测系统受高计数率限制的问题，研发了分段式全能量探测器sTED，验证其可在热中子到至少400 keV能区开展中子俘获截面测量并已投入实际应用。
摘要：
欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的中子飞行时间设施n_TOF是一个散裂中子源，专门用于测量核技术、天体物理及其他应用领域关注的中子诱发反应截面。自2014年起，2号实验区（EAR2）投入运行，其标称质子脉冲下的中子注量为$4\ imes 10^7$个中子/脉冲，比1号实验区（EAR1）的$8\ imes10^5$个中子/脉冲高50倍。EAR2的高中子通量导致探测器计数率极高，对原有俘获探测系统构成了挑战。为此，研究人员研发了分段式全能量探测器（sTED），通过减小每个模块的灵敏体积、采用针对高计数率优化的光电倍增管（PMT），克服了探测器响应的局限性。本文介绍了sTED的主要特性，包括能量分辨率、时间分辨率、对$γ$射线的响应，并详细说明了脉冲幅度加权技术（PHWT）与该探测器的配合使用方法。经验证，sTED可在EAR2开展中子能量范围从热中子到至少400 keV的中子俘获截面测量。该探测器已成功应用于n_TOF EAR2的多项测量实验中。
英文摘要：
The neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN is a spallation source dedicated to measurements of neutron-induced reaction cross-sections of interest in nuclear technologies, astrophysics, and other applications. Since 2014, Experimental ARea 2 (EAR2) is operational and delivers a neutron fluence of $4\times 10^7$ neutrons per nominal proton pulse, which is 50 times higher than the one of Experimental ARea 1 (EAR1) of $8\times10^5$ neutrons per pulse. The high neutron flux at EAR2 results in high counting rates in the detectors that challenged the previously existing capture detection systems. For this reason, a Segmented Total Energy Detector (sTED) has been developed to overcome the limitations in the detectors response, by reducing the active volume per module and by using a photomultiplier (PMT) optimized for high counting rates. This paper presents the main characteristics of the sTED, including energy and time resolution, response to $γ$-rays, and provides as well details of the use of the Pulse Height Weighting Technique (PHWT) with this detector. The sTED has been validated to perform neutron-capture cross-section measurements in EAR2 in the neutron energy range from thermal up to at least 400 keV. The detector has already been successfully used in several measurements at n_TOF EAR2.
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