自动驾驶功能持续监控、改进与部署挑战的工业经验报告
An Industrial Experience Report about Challenges from Continuous Monitoring, Improvement, and Deployment for Autonomous Driving Features
AI总结：
本文通过专家访谈和文献研究，识别并讨论了汽车领域采用持续开发、部署与监控（CDDM）的特定挑战，以填补增强安全自动驾驶系统软件开发的研究空白。
AI中文摘要：
使用持续开发、部署和监控（CDDM）来理解并改进客户环境中的应用，已被广泛应用于智能手机应用或网络应用等非安全相关应用，以实现快速且创新的功能改进。在展示其在这些领域的潜力后，CDDM策略也可能有潜力改进汽车功能的软件开发，正如一些原始设备制造商（OEMs）在其财务公司公报中高层次描述的那样。然而，CDDM策略的应用也面临来自流程遵守和文档记录方面的挑战，这些要求由安全相关产品（如自动驾驶系统（ADS））提出，并受ISO-26262和ISO21448等行业标准指导。已有关于安全相关环境中CDDM的出版物，它们要么在较为通用的层面上关注安全关键功能，因此并非专门针对ADS或汽车领域；要么仅集中于软件，从而忽略了汽车OEM的特殊背景：成熟完善的遗留流程及其适应的必要性，以及作为软件/软件、硬件/硬件和硬件/软件系统集成商角色所带来的方面。本文识别并讨论了来自汽车领域以更好地采用CDDM的特定挑战，以揭示增强CDDM的研究空白，特别是针对安全ADS的软件开发。这些挑战是通过与领域专家进行访谈，从当今工业界成熟的工作方式中识别出来的，并辅以文献研究。
英文摘要：
Using continuous development, deployment, and monitoring (CDDM) to understand and improve applications in a customer's context is widely used for non-safety applications such as smartphone apps or web applications to enable rapid and innovative feature improvements. Having demonstrated its potential in such domains, it may have the potential to also improve the software development for automotive functions as some OEMs described on a high level in their financial company communiqus. However, the application of a CDDM strategy also faces challenges from a process adherence and documentation perspective as required by safety-related products such as autonomous driving systems (ADS) and guided by industry standards such as ISO-26262 and ISO21448. There are publications on CDDM in safety-relevant contexts that focus on safety-critical functions on a rather generic level and thus, not specifically ADS or automotive, or that are concentrating only on software and hence, missing out the particular context of an automotive OEM: Well-established legacy processes and the need of their adaptations, and aspects originating from the role of being a system integrator for software/software, hardware/hardware, and hardware/software. In this paper, particular challenges from the automotive domain to better adopt CDDM are identified and discussed to shed light on research gaps to enhance CDDM, especially for the software development of safe ADS. The challenges are identified from today's industrial well-established ways of working by conducting interviews with domain experts and complemented by a literature study.
