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arXiv 2403.09249cs.AI
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在深度学习方法中利用约束规划动态求解柔性作业车间调度问题

Leveraging Constraint Programming in a Deep Learning Approach for Dynamically Solving the Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problem

TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)(泰克纳利亚,巴斯克研究与技术联盟(BRTA));University of the Basque Country(巴斯克大学)

Imanol Echeverria, Maialen Murua, Roberto Santana

AI总结:

本文提出将约束规划与深度学习结合,利用CP生成最优解训练DL模型并联合求解,在柔性作业车间调度问题上超越五种DRL方法和CP求解器,并初步应用于旅行商问题。

摘要:

柔性作业车间调度问题(FJSSP)的最新进展主要基于深度强化学习(DRL),因其能够生成高质量、实时的解决方案。然而,DRL方法往往未能充分利用现有技术(如精确方法或约束规划(CP))的优势,这些技术在寻找较小实例的最优或近最优解方面表现出色。本文旨在将CP整合到基于深度学习(DL)的方法中,发挥两者的优势。在本文中,我们介绍了一种方法,即使用由CP生成的最优解来训练DL模型,确保模型从高质量数据中学习,从而消除了DRL中典型的广泛探索需求,并提升了整体性能。此外,我们将CP整合到DL框架中,以联合构建解决方案,利用DL处理初始复杂阶段,并在问题简化后过渡到CP进行最优求解。我们的混合方法已在三个公开的FJSSP基准上进行了广泛测试,显示出优于五种最先进的DRL方法和一种广泛使用的CP求解器的性能。此外,为了探索该方法在其他组合优化问题上的应用,我们展示了将混合方法应用于旅行商问题的初步有前景结果,该方法将精确方法与一种知名的DRL方法相结合。

英文摘要:

Recent advancements in the flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSSP) are primarily based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) due to its ability to generate high-quality, real-time solutions. However, DRL approaches often fail to fully harness the strengths of existing techniques such as exact methods or constraint programming (CP), which can excel at finding optimal or near-optimal solutions for smaller instances. This paper aims to integrate CP within a deep learning (DL) based methodology, leveraging the benefits of both. In this paper, we introduce a method that involves training a DL model using optimal solutions generated by CP, ensuring the model learns from high-quality data, thereby eliminating the need for the extensive exploration typical in DRL and enhancing overall performance. Further, we integrate CP into our DL framework to jointly construct solutions, utilizing DL for the initial complex stages and transitioning to CP for optimal resolution as the problem is simplified. Our hybrid approach has been extensively tested on three public FJSSP benchmarks, demonstrating superior performance over five state-of-the-art DRL approaches and a widely-used CP solver. Additionally, with the objective of exploring the application to other combinatorial optimization problems, promising preliminary results are presented on applying our hybrid approach to the traveling salesman problem, combining an exact method with a well-known DRL method.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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