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arXiv 2403.09162cs.CL
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揭示微调大型语言模型的泛化能力

Unveiling the Generalization Power of Fine-Tuned Large Language Models

The Chinese University of Hong Kong(香港中文大学);Tsinghua University(清华大学)

Haoran Yang, Yumeng Zhang, Jiaqi Xu, Hongyuan Lu, Pheng Ann Heng, Wai Lam

AI总结:

本文探究微调对大型语言模型泛化能力的影响,发现生成与分类任务微调行为不同,且生成任务中结合上下文学习可增强泛化。

摘要:

虽然大型语言模型(LLMs)已经展示了卓越的多任务处理能力,但在下游、特定领域的数据集上对这些模型进行微调,通常是在测试集上取得优于未微调模型性能所必需的。然而,微调对LLMs泛化能力的全面影响尚未被完全理解。本文深入探讨了原始、未修改的LLMs与其微调变体之间的差异。我们的主要研究聚焦于微调是否影响LLMs固有的泛化能力。为了详细阐述这一点,我们在五个不同的语言任务上,针对多种数据集进行了广泛的实验。我们的主要发现表明,在生成和分类任务上微调的模型,在泛化到不同领域和任务时表现出不同的行为。有趣的是,我们观察到在生成任务的微调过程中整合上下文学习策略可以增强模型的泛化能力。通过这一系统性的研究,我们旨在为LLMs微调实践的不断演变提供有价值的见解。

英文摘要:

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional multitasking abilities, fine-tuning these models on downstream, domain-specific datasets is often necessary to yield superior performance on test sets compared to their counterparts without fine-tuning. However, the comprehensive effects of fine-tuning on the LLMs' generalization ability are not fully understood. This paper delves into the differences between original, unmodified LLMs and their fine-tuned variants. Our primary investigation centers on whether fine-tuning affects the generalization ability intrinsic to LLMs. To elaborate on this, we conduct extensive experiments across five distinct language tasks on various datasets. Our main findings reveal that models fine-tuned on generation and classification tasks exhibit dissimilar behaviors in generalizing to different domains and tasks. Intriguingly, we observe that integrating the in-context learning strategy during fine-tuning on generation tasks can enhance the model's generalization ability. Through this systematic investigation, we aim to contribute valuable insights into the evolving landscape of fine-tuning practices for LLMs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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