arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 2403.08798cs.DC
收藏

微服务自适应、需求驱动的自动伸缩

Self-adaptive, Requirements-driven Autoscaling of Microservices

João Paulo Karol Santos Nunes, Shiva Nejati, Mehrdad Sabetzadeh, Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

AI总结:

针对微服务自动伸缩中资源分配次优的问题,提出自适应需求驱动的MS-RA方案,基于SLO实时决策,经评估相比Kubernetes HPA,在满足SLO下显著减少资源消耗。

摘要:

微服务架构提供了诸多优势,包括细粒度、灵活性和可扩展性。该架构的一个关键特性是能够自动伸缩微服务,即调整副本数量和/或管理资源。目前已存在多种自动伸缩解决方案。然而,当用于多样化的微服务组合时,现有解决方案可能表现出次优的资源分配,要么超出实际需求,要么不足。这进而可能导致环境失衡、停机以及不理想的基础设施成本。我们提出了MS-RA,一种用于微服务自动伸缩的自适应、需求驱动的解决方案。MS-RA利用服务级别目标(SLO)进行实时决策。我们的解决方案可根据特定需求和成本进行定制,通过精确使用合适的资源量来满足既定需求,从而促进更高效的资源分配。我们基于MAPE-K自适应循环开发了MS-RA,并使用一个基于微服务的开源应用对其进行了评估。结果表明,MS-RA在性能上显著优于水平Pod自动伸缩器(HPA),后者是行业标准的Kubernetes自动伸缩机制。它通过使用更少的资源同时确保相关SLO的满足来实现这一点。具体而言,MS-RA满足了我们案例研究系统的SLO要求,与HPA相比,所需CPU时间至少减少50%,内存减少87%,副本数量减少90%。

英文摘要:

Microservices architecture offers various benefits, including granularity, flexibility, and scalability. A crucial feature of this architecture is the ability to autoscale microservices, i.e., adjust the number of replicas and/or manage resources. Several autoscaling solutions already exist. Nonetheless, when employed for diverse microservices compositions, current solutions may exhibit suboptimal resource allocations, either exceeding the actual requirements or falling short. This can in turn lead to unbalanced environments, downtime, and undesirable infrastructure costs. We propose MS-RA, a self-adaptive, requirements-driven solution for microservices autoscaling. MS-RA utilizes service-level objectives (SLOs) for real-time decision making. Our solution, which is customizable to specific needs and costs, facilitates a more efficient allocation of resources by precisely using the right amount to meet the defined requirements. We have developed MS-RA based on the MAPE-K self-adaptive loop, and have evaluated it using an open-source microservice-based application. Our results indicate that MS-RA considerably outperforms the horizontal pod autoscaler (HPA), the industry-standard Kubernetes autoscaling mechanism. It achieves this by using fewer resources while still ensuring the satisfaction of the SLOs of interest. Specifically, MS-RA meets the SLO requirements of our case-study system, requiring at least 50% less CPU time, 87% less memory, and 90% fewer replicas compared to the HPA.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑