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基于切变比的宇宙学:弱引力透镜与光谱红移数据集的联合研究

Cosmology with shear ratios: a joint study of weak lensing and spectroscopic redshift datasets

Ni Emas, Chris Blake, Rossana Ruggeri, Anna Porredon

AI总结:

本研究利用BOSS重叠数据在三大弱引力透镜巡天中测量切变比,通过贝叶斯方法降低测量偏差,验证了切变比可提升天体物理与宇宙学参数测定精度,是引力透镜系统误差交叉检验的有效工具。

摘要:

同一透镜星系周围不同弱引力透镜源星族的平均切向切变信号之比(也称为切变比),是检验引力透镜系统误差的重要手段,也是宇宙学信息的潜在来源。本文利用重子振荡光谱巡天(Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey,BOSS)的重叠数据,在KiDS、DES、HSC三项当前主流弱引力透镜巡天中测量了切变比。我们采用贝叶斯方法降低切变比测量中的偏差,评估了与宇宙切变、完整3x2点关联(宇宙切变、星系-星系引力透镜、星系成团)相比,切变比信息在提升描述源红移分布、内禀星系排列的重要天体物理参数以及宇宙学参数的测定精度方面的作用。我们同时采用了费雪矩阵预测与数据的全似然分析两种方法。研究发现,在宇宙切变分析中加入切变比信息后,源样本平均红移与内禀排列参数的测定精度显著提升。尽管切变比带来的额外约束能力弱于利用测光红移校准引入源平均红移精确先验所获得的约束能力,但切变比可提供有效的交叉检验。加入切变比数据始终有助于S_8等宇宙学参数的测定,我们测得这类参数的约束精度提升最高可达34%。不过,当切变比与完整3x2点关联数据结合时,这类提升的显著性会有所下降。我们得出结论:切变比检验仍将是宇宙学信息与引力透镜系统误差交叉检验的有效来源,暗能量光谱仪(Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument,DESI)等即将发布的数据集将进一步推动其应用。

英文摘要:

The ratio of the average tangential shear signal of different weak lensing source populations around the same lens galaxies, also known as a shear ratio, provides an important test of lensing systematics and a potential source of cosmological information. In this paper we measure shear ratios in three current weak lensing surveys -- KiDS, DES, and HSC -- using overlapping data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. We apply a Bayesian method to reduce bias in shear ratio measurement, and assess the degree to which shear ratio information improves the determination of important astrophysical parameters describing the source redshift distributions and intrinsic galaxy alignments, as well as cosmological parameters, in comparison with cosmic shear and full 3x2-pt correlations (cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing, and galaxy clustering). We consider both Fisher matrix forecasts, as well as full likelihood analyses of the data. We find that the addition of shear ratio information to cosmic shear allows the mean redshifts of the source samples and intrinsic alignment parameters to be determined significantly more accurately. Although the additional constraining power enabled by the shear ratio is less than that obtained by introducing an accurate prior in the mean source redshift using photometric redshift calibration, the shear ratio allows for a useful cross-check. The inclusion of shear ratio data consistently benefits the determination of cosmological parameters such as S_8, for which we obtain improvements up to 34%. However these improvements are less significant when shear ratio is combined with the full 3x2-pt correlations. We conclude that shear ratio tests will remain a useful source of cosmological information and cross-checks for lensing systematics, whose application will be further enhanced by upcoming datasets such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument.

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