电四极跃迁上连续与脉冲边带冷却的比较
A comparison of continuous and pulsed sideband cooling on an electric quadrupole transition
AI总结：
该研究针对初始运动在兰姆-迪克区外的$^{40}$Ca$^+$离子，对比连续与脉冲边带冷却的效率，经模拟与实验验证优化后二者效果相近，同时发现边带比法测得的平均声子数与运动态分布平均得到的结果存在差异。
摘要：
边带冷却可将囚禁离子的运动制备至接近基态，是囚禁离子器件诸多科学与技术应用的核心技术。本文针对初始运动处于Lamb-Dicke（兰姆-迪克）区之外的离子，研究了利用一阶和二阶边带的连续边带冷却与脉冲边带冷却的效率。通过对$^{40}$Ca$^+$离子的模拟与实验发现，对这两种不同的冷却方法进行优化后，脉冲冷却与连续冷却可取得相近的效果。研究同时考量了平均声子数$\bar{n}$和基态布居数的优化。本文还揭示了囚禁离子测温的边带比法测得的$\bar{n}$，与通过离子运动态分布平均得到的$\bar{n}$之间存在差异。
英文摘要：
Sideband cooling enables preparation of trapped ion motion near the ground state and is essential for many scientific and technological applications of trapped ion devices. Here, we study the efficiency of continuous and pulsed sideband cooling using both first- and second-order sidebands applied to an ion where the motion starts outside the Lamb-Dicke regime. We find that after optimizing these distinct cooling methods, pulsed and continuous cooling achieve similar results based on simulations and experiments with a $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ion. We consider optimization of both average phonon number $\overline{n}$ and population in the ground state. We also demonstrate the disparity between $\overline{n}$ as measured by the sideband ratio method of trapped ion thermometry and the $\overline{n}$ found by averaging over the ion's motional state distribution.
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