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arXiv 2403.03338astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th
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轴子暴胀中的关联标量扰动与引力波

Correlated scalar perturbations and gravitational waves from axion inflation

Sofia P. Corbà, Lorenzo Sorbo

备注：
19 pages, V2: Accounts for time dependence of the parameter $ξ$. Substantial changes to Section 3.2 and addition of an appendix
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AI总结：

本文研究轴子暴胀中标量扰动与引力波的关联性，计算曲率扰动与引力波能量密度的原初关联函数，发现真空涨落放大机制的贡献通常占主导，归一化关联量级约为10^-4到10^-2。

摘要：

暴胀期间产生的标量和张量涨落如果源于同一底层机制，则可能相互关联。本文在轴子暴胀模型中研究这种关联性，其中滚动的暴胀子产生U(1)规范场的量子，而这些量子反过来又作为标量和张量涨落的源。我们计算了原初曲率扰动ζ与引力波能量密度Ω_GW在引力波探测器所探测频率上的原初关联函数。这一两点函数包含两项贡献：一项来自引力波与由真空涨落放大标准机制产生的标量扰动之间的关联，另一项来自引力波与由规范场所源产生的标量扰动之间的关联。我们的分析表明，前一种效应通常占主导地位。对于典型的参数取值，该关联函数在干涉仪频率处按ζ的振幅和引力波能量占比归一化后，其量级约为10^-4到10^-2。

英文摘要：

The scalar and tensor fluctuations generated during inflation can be correlated, if arising from the same underlying mechanism. In this paper we investigate such correlation in the model of axion inflation, where the rolling inflaton produces quanta of a $U(1)$ gauge field which, in turn, source scalar and tensor fluctuations. We compute the primordial correlator of the curvature perturbation, $ζ$, with the gravitational energy density, $Ω_{GW}$, at frequencies probed by gravitational wave detectors. This two-point function receives two contributions: one arising from the correlation of gravitational waves with the scalar perturbations generated by the standard mechanism of amplification of vacuum fluctuations, and the other coming from the correlation of gravitational waves with the scalar perturbations sourced by the gauge field. Our analysis shows that the former effect is generally dominant. For typical values of the parameters, the correlator, normalized by the amplitude of $ζ$ and by the fractional energy in gravitational waves at interferometer frequencies, turns out to be of the order of $ 10^{-4}÷10^{-2}$.

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