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arXiv 2403.02602nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-ex
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宏观无中微子双贝塔衰变:长程量子相干性

Macroscopic neutrinoless double beta decay: long range quantum coherence

Gordon Baym, Jen-Chieh Peng

AI总结:

本文重新提出宏观无中微子双贝塔衰变概念,利用马约拉纳中微子在宏观距离上的量子相干性,以同一材料同时作为源和靶,并通过双电子能量特征有效排除偶然背景。

摘要:

基于现代对中微子的理解,我们重新引入马约拉纳中微子的“宏观无中微子双贝塔衰变”(MDBD)概念。在该过程中,一个原子核发生贝塔衰变 X→Y+e⁻+ν̄ₑ 所产生的反中微子,被另一个相同的 X 原子核通过逆贝塔衰变反应 νₑ+X→e⁻+Y 作为中微子吸收。MDBD 的独特特征是这两个电子的总动能等于单贝塔衰变终点能量的两倍。MDBD 的振幅是对中间中微子不同质量态贡献的相干求和,反映了宏观距离上的量子相干性,是一种新的宏观量子效应。我们评估了宏观“X”材料样品(例如氚)同时作为源和靶时 MDBD 的速率。来自两次独立单贝塔衰变的偶然背景包含两个末态中微子,可以通过测量探测到的两个电子的能量来轻易排除。我们讨论了 MDBD 与传统无中微子双贝塔衰变之间的异同。

英文摘要:

We re-introduce, in light of our modern understanding of neutrinos, the concept of ``macroscopic neutrinoless double beta decay" (MDBD) for Majorana neutrinos. In this process an antineutrino produced by a nucleus undergoing beta decay, $X\to Y + e^- + \bar ν_e$, is absorbed as a neutrino by another identical $X$ nucleus via the inverse beta decay reaction, $ν_e + X \to e^-+Y$. The distinct signature of MDBD is that the total kinetic energy of the two electrons equals twice the endpoint energy of single beta decay. The amplitude for MDBD, a coherent sum over the contribution of different mass states of the intermediate neutrinos, reflects quantum coherence over macroscopic distances, and is a new macroscopic quantum effect. We evaluate the rate of MDBD for a macroscopic sample of ``$X$" material, e.g., tritium, acting both as the source and the target. The accidental background for MDBD originating from two separate single beta decays, which contains two final state neutrinos, can be readily rejected by measuring the energy of the detected two electrons. We discuss the similarities and differences between the MDBD and conventional neutrinoless double beta decay.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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