强子碰撞中重味角关联测量的最新发现
Recent Findings from Heavy-Flavor Angular Correlation Measurements in Hadronic Collisions
AI总结：
本文综述LHC和RHIC各碰撞系统中的重味角关联最新测量，用以检验重夸克产生、强子化、介质能量损失及小系统集体行为。
摘要：
研究强子碰撞中重味粒子的角关联，可为理解重夸克产生、簇射和强子化过程提供关键洞见。通过与模型预言比较，可以区分重夸克产生和强子化的不同理论方法，以及模型为重现关联观测量而采用的不同底层事件处理方式。在超相对论重离子碰撞中，会产生一种退禁闭物质状态——夸克胶子等离子体（QGP）；重味关联能够揭示粲夸克和美夸克与QGP组分相互作用所导致的重夸克碎裂改变，并刻画它们穿过介质时的能量损失过程。在高多重数质子—质子和质子—核碰撞中开展关联研究，还可以认识较小系统中是否可能出现类似重离子碰撞中观测到的集体类机制。本综述将介绍LHC和RHIC在所有碰撞系统中开展的最新、最相关的重味关联测量，并讨论这些测量带来的新认识。
英文摘要：
The study of angular correlations of heavy-flavor particles in hadronic collisions can provide crucial insight into the heavy quark production, showering, and hadronization processes. The comparison with model predictions allows us to discriminate among different approaches for heavy quark production and hadronization, as well as different treatments of the underlying event employed by the models to reproduce correlation observables. In ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where a deconfined state of matter, the quark--gluon plasma (QGP), is created, heavy-flavor correlations can shed light on the modification of the heavy quark fragmentation due to the interaction between charm and beauty quarks with the QGP constituents, as well as characterize their energy loss processes while traversing the medium. Insight into the possible emergence of collective-like mechanisms in smaller systems, resembling those observed in heavy-ion collisions, can also be obtained by performing correlation studies in high-multiplicity proton--proton and proton--nucleus collisions. In this review, the most recent and relevant measurements of heavy-flavor correlations performed in all collision systems at the LHC and RHIC will be presented, and the new understandings that they provide will be discussed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
