We investigate a principled approach for symbolic operation completion (SOC), a minimal task for studying symbolic reasoning. While conceptually similar to matrix completion, SOC poses a unique challenge in modeling abstract relationships between discrete symbols. We demonstrate that SOC can be efficiently solved by a minimal model - a bilinear map - with a novel factorized architecture. Inspired by group representation theory, this architecture leverages matrix embeddings of symbols, modeling each symbol as an operator that dynamically influences others.
Our model achieves perfect test accuracy on SOC with comparable or superior sample efficiency to Transformer baselines across most datasets, while boasting significantly faster learning speeds (100-1000$\times$). Crucially, the model exhibits an implicit bias towards learning general group structures, precisely discovering the unitary representations of underlying groups. This remarkable property not only confers interpretability but also significant implications for automatic symmetry discovery in geometric deep learning.
Overall, our work establishes group theory as a powerful guiding principle for discovering abstract algebraic structures in deep learning, and showcases matrix representations as a compelling alternative to traditional vector embeddings for modeling symbolic relationships.
Discovering equations from data: symbolic regression in dynamical systems
Institute of Sciences Mathematics and Computation, Universidade de São Paulo-Campus de São Carlos(数学与计算科学研究院,圣保罗大学-萨o卡洛斯校区);Statistic Department, State University of Maringá(统计系,马林加州立大学);Department of Mathematics Applied and Statistics, Institute of Sciences Mathematics and Computation, Universidade de São Paulo-Campus de São Carlos(应用数学与统计系,数学与计算科学研究院,圣保罗大学-萨o卡洛斯校区)
Discovering Continuous-Time Memory-Based Symbolic Policies using Genetic Programming
Department of Machine Learning and Neural Computing(机器学习与神经计算系);Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour(大脑、认知与行为研究所);Radboud University(拉德堡德大学)
Neuro-Symbolic Imitation Learning: Discovering Symbolic Abstractions for Skill Learning
Intelligent Autonomous Systems, TU Darmstadt, Germany(图腾达姆施塔特大学智能自主系统研究所);German Research Center for AI, Germany(德国人工智能研究中心);Hessian Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Germany(黑森州人工智能中心);Honda Research Institute EU, Germany(本田欧洲研究院)
Discovering physical laws with parallel symbolic enumeration
Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China(中国人民大学人工智能学院);School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学工程科学学院);State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学重点实验室);Department of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST(香港科技大学计算机科学与工程系)
Any equation is a forest: Symbolic genetic algorithm for discovering open-form partial differential equations (SGA-PDE)
Peng Cheng Laboratory(鹏城实验室);University of Washington(华盛顿大学);Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院自动化研究所);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Peking University(北京大学);Southern University of Science and Technology(南方科技大学)
Physics Symbolic Learner for Discovering Ground-Motion Models Via NGA-West2 Database
Beijing University of Technology(北京工业大学);Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration(中国地震局地球物理研究所);Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(中国地质科学院地质力学研究所)
Weak-PDE-Net: Discovering Open-Form PDEs via Differentiable Symbolic Networks and Weak Formulation
School of Mathematical Sciences, East China Normal University(东华大学数学科学学院);Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics(应用物理与计算数学研究所);Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University(北航人工智能研究所);Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Mathematics(上海张江数学研究所);Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Northeast Normal University(东北师范大学先进交叉学科研究院)
Discovering an interpretable mathematical expression for a full wind-turbine wake with artificial intelligence enhanced symbolic regression
School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学海洋与土木工程学院);Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology(东方理工大学宁波数字孪生研究院)
VisualPredicator: Learning Abstract World Models with Neuro-Symbolic Predicates for Robot Planning
University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);Cornell University(康奈尔大学);Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);University of Oxford(牛津大学);The Alan Turing Institute(阿兰·图灵研究所)
Discovering Ordinary Differential Equations with LLM-Based Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea(韩国首尔 Chung-Ang 大学人工智能系);Daejin University, Pocheon, Republic of Korea(韩国坡州市 Daejin 大学)
Extracting Symbolic Sequences from Visual Representations via Self-Supervised Learning
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学);Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de la Computación(计算机科学与工程研究生课程);Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas(应用数学与系统研究所)
Scalable Neural Symbolic Regression using Control Variables
School of Computer Science(计算机科学学院);GaTech(佐治亚理工学院);School of Computing and Data Science(计算与数据科学学院);UIUC(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);William & Mary(威廉玛丽学院);Department of EECS(电子工程与计算机科学系);University of Tennessee, Knoxville(田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校);Wake Forest University(维克森林大学)
BAss: Symbolic Reasoning in Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University(马萨里克大学信息学院);Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)(胡志明市技术大学计算机科学与工程学院)
Discovering Mathematical Formulas from Data via GPT-guided Monte Carlo Tree Search
ANNLAB, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院半导体研究所ANNLAB);School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学集成电路学院);School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院)
Towards Symbolic XAI -- Explanation Through Human Understandable Logical Relationships Between Features
Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning(柏林学习与数据基础研究所);Machine Learning Group, Technical University of Berlin(柏林技术大学机器学习组);Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University(韩国大学人工智能系);Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Free University of Berlin(柏林自由大学数学与计算机科学系)