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arXiv 2402.16740quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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退相干意味着信息增益

Decoherence Implies Information Gain

Dorje C. Brody, Lane P. Hughston

AI总结:

本文证明,在任意随机变换下,若退相干基对角元不变,则非对角元减小且观测量不确定性降低,表明退相干通常带来信息增益而非损失。

摘要:

研究表明,如果量子系统的波函数经历任意随机变换,使得与优选观测量相关的退相干基下密度矩阵的对角元素保持不变,那么(i)密度矩阵的非对角元素幅度会减小,(ii)系统状态从环境中获得关于优选观测量的信息,即在该变换后的状态中,该观测量的不确定性降低。这些结果不依赖于系统-环境相互作用如何产生随机状态变换的具体细节,并且共同表明退相干通常导致信息增益,而非信息损失。

英文摘要:

It is shown that if the wave function of a quantum system undergoes an arbitrary random transformation such that the diagonal elements of the density matrix in the decoherence basis associated with a preferred observable remain constant, then (i) the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix become smaller in magnitude, and (ii) the state of the system gains information about the preferred observable from its environment in the sense that the uncertainty of the observable is reduced in the transformed state. These results do not depend on the details of how the system-environment interaction generates the random state transformation, and together imply that decoherence leads in general to information gain, not information loss.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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