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arXiv 2402.15469cs.CV
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面向自动驾驶的全景分割鲁棒性基准评测

Benchmarking the Robustness of Panoptic Segmentation for Automated Driving

WMG, University of Warwick(华威大学WMG学院)

Yiting Wang, Haonan Zhao, Daniel Gummadi, Mehrdad Dianati, Kurt Debattista, Valentina Donzella

AI总结:

本文提出统一流水线,通过19种噪声因素退化相机数据,评测CNN与ViT全景分割模型的鲁棒性,并发现LPIPS和CW-SSIM可预测分割性能。

摘要:

辅助与自动驾驶(AAD)功能的安全决策需要精确的态势感知。全景分割是一种很有前景的感知技术,能够在像素级别识别和分类物体、潜在危险以及可行驶空间。虽然分割质量通常与相机数据的质量相关,但对这一关系的全面理解和建模对AAD系统设计者至关重要。基于这一需求,本文提出了一种统一的流水线,用于评估面向AAD的全景分割模型的鲁棒性,并将其与传统图像质量相关联。所提流水线的第一步是生成反映真实世界噪声因素的退化相机数据。为此,本文识别并实现了19种噪声因素,每种因素包含3个严重程度等级。在这些因素中,本文针对不利光照和降雪提出了新的模型。在应用退化模型后,使用三种最先进的基于卷积神经网络(CNN)和视觉Transformer(ViT)的全景分割网络分析其鲁棒性。随后,将分割性能的变化与8个选定的图像质量指标进行相关性分析。研究表明:1)某些特定噪声因素对全景分割的影响最大,即镜头上的液滴和高斯噪声;2)基于ViT的全景分割骨干网络对所述噪声因素表现出更好的鲁棒性;3)一些图像质量指标(即LPIPS和CW-SSIM)与全景分割性能强相关,因此可作为网络性能的预测指标。

英文摘要:

Precise situational awareness is required for the safe decision-making of assisted and automated driving (AAD) functions. Panoptic segmentation is a promising perception technique to identify and categorise objects, impending hazards, and driveable space at a pixel level. While segmentation quality is generally associated with the quality of the camera data, a comprehensive understanding and modelling of this relationship are paramount for AAD system designers. Motivated by such a need, this work proposes a unifying pipeline to assess the robustness of panoptic segmentation models for AAD, correlating it with traditional image quality. The first step of the proposed pipeline involves generating degraded camera data that reflects real-world noise factors. To this end, 19 noise factors have been identified and implemented with 3 severity levels. Of these factors, this work proposes novel models for unfavourable light and snow. After applying the degradation models, three state-of-the-art CNN- and vision transformers (ViT)-based panoptic segmentation networks are used to analyse their robustness. The variations of the segmentation performance are then correlated to 8 selected image quality metrics. This research reveals that: 1) certain specific noise factors produce the highest impact on panoptic segmentation, i.e. droplets on lens and Gaussian noise; 2) the ViT-based panoptic segmentation backbones show better robustness to the considered noise factors; 3) some image quality metrics (i.e. LPIPS and CW-SSIM) correlate strongly with panoptic segmentation performance and therefore they can be used as predictive metrics for network performance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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