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arXiv 2402.14906cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
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有隙量子物质的稳定性与绝热噪声下的纠错

The Stability of Gapped Quantum Matter and Error-Correction with Adiabatic Noise

Ali Lavasani, Sagar Vijay

AI总结:

本文论证有隙量子物相的稳定性使稳定子量子纠错码能抵御绝热噪声,并展示通过稳定子测量和泡利反馈可在相边界前恢复信息,且其解码相变普适类不同于非相干泡利噪声情形。

摘要:

量子纠错码的码空间通常可以与量子物质有隙相内的简并基态空间等同起来。我们认为,这种相的稳定性直接关系到一组相干错误过程,而该量子纠错码(QECC)对这组过程具有鲁棒性:这样的量子码能够从绝热噪声信道中恢复信息,这些信道对应于码态在相内随机的绝热漂移,只要这种绝热演化使态保持足够“接近”初始基态空间,就能在热力学极限下实现渐近完美的保真度。我们进一步论证,当采用特定的解码器——例如最小权重完美匹配——来恢复这些信息时,通常会在有隙相内遇到纠错阈值。在绝热演化已知的情况下,我们明确展示了若干例子,说明即使一直到相边界,也可以通过稳定子测量和泡利反馈来恢复量子信息,尽管由此产生的解码相变与存在非相干泡利噪声时的最优解码相变属于不同的普适类。这提供了一些例子,表明在稳定子QECC中,非局域的相干噪声在存在错误症状测量的情况下会有效地退相干。

英文摘要:

The codespace of a quantum error-correcting code can often be identified with the degenerate ground-space within a gapped phase of quantum matter. We argue that the stability of such a phase is directly related to a set of coherent error processes against which this quantum error-correcting code (QECC) is robust: such a quantum code can recover from adiabatic noise channels, corresponding to random adiabatic drift of code states through the phase, with asymptotically perfect fidelity in the thermodynamic limit, as long as this adiabatic evolution keeps states sufficiently "close" to the initial ground-space. We further argue that when specific decoders -- such as minimum-weight perfect matching -- are applied to recover this information, an error-correcting threshold is generically encountered within the gapped phase. In cases where the adiabatic evolution is known, we explicitly show examples in which quantum information can be recovered by using stabilizer measurements and Pauli feedback, even up to a phase boundary, though the resulting decoding transitions are in different universality classes from the optimal decoding transitions in the presence of incoherent Pauli noise. This provides examples where non-local, coherent noise effectively decoheres in the presence of syndrome measurements in a stabilizer QECC.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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