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arXiv 2402.14580cs.AIcs.SYeess.SY
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Savvy:可信赖的自动驾驶汽车架构

Savvy: Trustworthy Autonomous Vehicles Architecture

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)(阿卜杜拉国王科技大学)

Ali Shoker, Rehana Yasmin, Paulo Esteves-Verissimo

AI总结:

本文提出 Savvy 自动驾驶架构,通过控制平面与数据平面分离及时间感知预测质量退化机制,在确保安全优先的前提下尽可能优化人工智能决策。

摘要:

由于商业、安全和性能方面的原因,人们对自动驾驶汽车(AV)的兴趣日益浓厚。尽管近期自动驾驶架构在人工智能模型进步的推动下取得了显著成功,但越来越多的致命事故阻碍了完全自动驾驶汽车成为主流。这要求我们重新审视构建安全关键型自动驾驶架构的基本原理。然而,这一方向不应阻碍对人工智能能力的利用。为此,我们提出了 Savvy,一种新型可信赖的智能自动驾驶架构,能够兼取两者之长。Savvy 在控制平面与数据平面之间做出明确分离,以保证安全优先原则。前者通过设计时定义的规则来确保安全并取得控制权,同时启动后者在安全时间界限内尽可能优化决策。这一目标通过引导式时间感知预测质量退化(TPQD)实现:使用动态机器学习模型,可根据可用的安全时间界限进行调整,以提供更丰富或更快速的输出。例如,Savvy 能够在最早可能的时间将大象安全地识别为障碍物(仅仅是一个物体),而不是等到为时已晚才将其最优地识别为大象。本立场论文介绍了 Savvy 的动机和概念,而实证评估仍在进行中。

英文摘要:

The increasing interest in Autonomous Vehicles (AV) is notable due to business, safety, and performance reasons. While there is salient success in recent AV architectures, hinging on the advancements in AI models, there is a growing number of fatal incidents that impedes full AVs from going mainstream. This calls for the need to revisit the fundamentals of building safety-critical AV architectures. However, this direction should not deter leveraging the power of AI. To this end, we propose Savvy, a new trustworthy intelligent AV architecture that achieves the best of both worlds. Savvy makes a clear separation between the control plane and the data plane to guarantee the safety-first principles. The former assume control to ensure safety using design-time defined rules, while launching the latter for optimizing decisions as much as possible within safety time-bounds. This is achieved through guided Time-aware predictive quality degradation (TPQD): using dynamic ML models that can be tuned to provide either richer or faster outputs based on the available safety time bounds. For instance, Savvy allows to safely identify an elephant as an obstacle (a mere object) the earliest possible, rather than optimally recognizing it as an elephant when it is too late. This position paper presents the Savvy's motivations and concept, whereas empirical evaluation is a work in progress.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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