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arXiv 2402.13883hep-thmath-phmath.MPquant-ph
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非阿贝尔 Aharonov–Bohm 散射中的同位旋进动

Isospin precession in non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm scattering

Peng-Ming Zhang, Peter Horvathy

AI总结:

本文利用 Wu–Yang 非阿贝尔 Aharonov–Bohm 散射阐明伪经典同位旋进动,揭示磁通量子化决定 $SU(2)$ 对称性、荷守恒及散射边无关性。

摘要:

伪经典同位旋的概念通过 Wu 和 Yang 于1975年提出的非阿贝尔 Aharonov–Bohm 效应得到阐明。空间运动是自由的,但当所包围的磁通与入射粒子的同位旋不平行时,同位旋会发生进动。Wu 和 Yang 的非阿贝尔相位因子 $\mathfrak{F}$ 作为 S 矩阵作用于同位旋。当包围磁通量子化时,即 $Φ_N=NΦ_0$(其中 $N$ 为整数),散射变得与边无关。规范群 $SU(2)$ 是一种内部对称性,并且只有在磁通量子化时才产生守恒荷,随后其分裂为两个系列:对于 $N=2k$,$SU(2)$ 的作用是平凡的;而对于 $N=1+2k$,其实现是扭曲的。轨道角动量和内部角动量分别守恒。当 $N$ 为奇数时,双重旋转对称性破缺为 $SO(2)\times SO(2)$。对于未量子化的磁通,不存在内部对称性,荷不守恒,质子可以转变为中子。

英文摘要:

The concept of pseudoclassical isospin is illustrated by the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm effect proposed by Wu and Yang in 1975. The spatial motion is free however the isospin precesses when the enclosed magnetic flux and the incoming particle's isosopin are not parallel. The non-Abelian phase factor $\mathfrak{F}$ of Wu and Yang acts on the isospin as an S-matrix. The scattering becomes side-independent when the enclosed flux is quantized, $Φ_N=NΦ_0$ with $N$ an integer. The gauge group $SU(2)$ is an internal symmetry and generates conserved charges only when the flux is quantized, which then splits into two series: for $N=2k$ $SU(2)$ acts trivially but for $N=1+2k$ the implementation is twisted. The orbital and the internal angular momenta are separately conserved. The double rotational symmetry is broken to $SO(2)\times SO(2)$ when $N$ odd. For unquantized flux there are no internal symmetries, the charge is not conserved and protons can be turned into neutrons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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