语法性错觉还是歧义解读？事件相关电位揭示汉语中心嵌套结构中缺失名词短语效应的本质
Grammaticality illusion or ambiguous interpretation? Event-related potentials reveal the nature of the missing-NP effect in Mandarin centre-embedded structures
AI总结：
本研究通过两项EEG实验证明，汉语中心嵌套结构中缺失名词短语效应源于动词歧义解读而非语法性错觉，语义线索可消除该效应，词序差异或解释跨语言差异。
摘要：
在多种语言中，双重中心嵌套结构中省略动词短语（VP）会产生语法性错觉。汉语的缺失名词短语双重中心嵌套结构也表现出类似的错觉。然而，关于其本质尚无共识。我们不将其视为语法性错觉，而是认为动词的歧义解读最能解释汉语中的这一现象。为进一步支持这一假设，我们进行了两项脑电图（EEG）实验，采用准双重中心嵌套结构，通过将自嵌入关系从句置于句子主语位置来降低其复杂性。实验1表明，类似现象甚至在该结构中出现，表现为P600效应的缺失和N400效应的存在。在实验2中，提供语义线索以减少歧义消除了这一错觉，表现为P600效应的出现。我们在花园路径理论下解释这些结果，并提出词序差异可能解释这一跨语言变异。
英文摘要：
In several languages, omitting a verb phrase (VP) in double centre-embedded structures creates a grammaticality illusion. Similar illusion also exhibited in Mandarin missing-NP double centre-embedded structures. However, there is no consensus on its very nature. Instead of treating it as grammaticality illusion, we argue that ambiguous interpretations of verbs can best account for this phenomenon in Mandarin. To further support this hypothesis, we conducted two electroencephalography (EEG) experiments on quasi double centre-embedded structures whose complexity is reduced by placing the self-embedding relative clauses into the sentence's subject position. Experiment 1 showed that similar phenomenon even exhibited in this structure, evidenced by an absence of P600 effect and a presence of N400 effect. In Experiment 2, providing semantic cues to reduce ambiguity dispelled this illusion, as evidenced by a P600 effect. We interpret the results under garden-path theory and propose that word-order difference may account for this cross-linguistic variation.
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