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arXiv 2402.10992cs.CLcs.AI
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“理解AI”:大型语言模型中的语义奠基

"Understanding AI": Semantic Grounding in Large Language Models

University of Magdeburg(马格德堡大学)

Holger Lyre

AI总结:

本文探讨LLM是否具备语义奠基,提出将心灵与语言哲学的意义理论应用于LLM,通过功能、社会和因果三维区分证明LLM已发展出世界模型,至少在基本意义上理解了其生成的语言。

摘要:

LLM是否理解其生成文本的含义?它们是否具备语义奠基?我们如何理解它们是否以及理解了什么?本文首先指出,由于包括LLM在内的生成模型是自监督学习的关键,我们近期见证了AI的生成式转向。为评估语义奠基问题,我区分并讨论了五种方法论途径。最有前景的途径是将心灵哲学与语言哲学中意义理论的核心假设应用于LLM。奠基被证明是一个渐进的过程,在功能、社会和因果奠基之间存在三维区分。LLM在所有三个维度上都展现了基本证据。一个有力的论点是LLM发展了世界模型。因此,LLM既不是随机鹦鹉,也不是语义僵尸,而是已经理解了它们生成的语言,至少在基本意义上如此。

英文摘要:

Do LLMs understand the meaning of the texts they generate? Do they possess a semantic grounding? And how could we understand whether and what they understand? I start the paper with the observation that we have recently witnessed a generative turn in AI, since generative models, including LLMs, are key for self-supervised learning. To assess the question of semantic grounding, I distinguish and discuss five methodological ways. The most promising way is to apply core assumptions of theories of meaning in philosophy of mind and language to LLMs. Grounding proves to be a gradual affair with a three-dimensional distinction between functional, social and causal grounding. LLMs show basic evidence in all three dimensions. A strong argument is that LLMs develop world models. Hence, LLMs are neither stochastic parrots nor semantic zombies, but already understand the language they generate, at least in an elementary sense.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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