LFOC+：面向商用多核系统的一种公平的操作系统级缓存聚类策略
LFOC+: A Fair OS-level Cache-Clustering Policy for Commodity Multicore Systems
AI总结：
本文提出LFOC+，一种面向商用多核系统的感知公平的OS级动态缓存聚类策略，通过运行时分类应用并隔离缓存敏感型与争用型程序，在保证吞吐量的同时显著提升系统公平性。
摘要：
商用多核系统日益采用硬件支持，使系统软件能够对末级缓存（LLC）进行分区。这种支持使得操作系统（OS）或虚拟机监视器（VMM）能够通过将不同的并发应用分配到不同的缓存分区，来缓解多核上的共享资源争用效应。最近，缓存聚类（或分区共享）策略作为一种在支持缓存分区的新平台上提升系统吞吐量和公平性的方法应运而生。与严格缓存分区（为每个应用分配独立的缓存分区）不同，缓存聚类允许一组应用共享分区。在本文中，我们提出了LFOC+，一种面向商用多核系统的感知公平的OS级缓存聚类策略。LFOC+试图模拟用于公平性的最优缓存聚类解的行为，该解可通过仿真工具在不同负载场景下获得。我们的动态缓存聚类策略持续从性能监控计数器收集数据，在运行时基于缓存敏感度和争用程度对应用进行分类，并有效地将缓存敏感型应用与攻击程序分离以提升公平性，同时提供可接受的系统吞吐量。我们在Linux内核中实现了LFOC+，并在配备Intel Skylake处理器的真实系统上进行了评估，将其有效性与四种先前提出的缓存聚类策略进行了比较。实验分析表明，LFOC+是一种轻量级的OS级策略，相较于另外两种最先进的感知公平策略——Dunn和LFOC——分别最高提升公平性达22%和20.6%，平均提升9%和4.9%。
英文摘要：
Commodity multicore systems are increasingly adopting hardware support that enables the system software to partition the last-level cache (LLC). This support makes it possible for the operating system (OS) or the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) to mitigate shared-resource contention effects on multicores by assigning different co-running applications to various cache partitions. Recently cache-clustering (or partition-sharing) strategies have emerged as a way to improve system throughput and fairness on new platforms with cache-partitioning support. As opposed to strict cache-partitioning, which allocates separate cache partitions to each application, cache-clustering allows partitions to be shared by a group of applications. In this article we propose LFOC+, a fairness-aware OS-level cache-clustering policy for commodity multicore systems. LFOC+ tries to mimic the behavior of the optimal cache-clustering solution for fairness, which we could obtain for different workload scenarios by using a simulation tool. Our dynamic cache-clustering strategy continuously gathers data from performance monitoring counters to classify applications at runtime based on the degree of cache sensitivity and contentiousness, and effectively separates cache-sensitive applications from aggressor programs to improve fairness, while providing acceptable system throughput. We implemented LFOC+ in the Linux kernel and evaluated it on a real system featuring an Intel Skylake processor, where we compare its effectiveness to that of four previously proposed cache-clustering policies. Our experimental analysis reveals that LFOC+ constitutes a lightweight OS-level policy and improves fairness relative to two other state-of-the-art fairness-aware strategies --Dunn and LFOC--, by up to 22\% and up to 20.6\%, respectively, and by 9\% and 4.9\% on average.
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