双辐射热机的工作条件与热力学界限
Operating conditions and thermodynamic bounds of dual radiative heat engines
AI总结：
本文统一描述了由两个相对二极管构成的双辐射热机，揭示其在TRNEL、TRPV和TPX三种模式下的热力学性能，证明TRNEL可任意带隙达到卡诺效率、TPX功率无上界，并分析了热化损失、光谱滤波和非辐射复合的影响。
摘要：
我们提出对双辐射热机（RHEs）的统一描述，该类热机由两个相对放置的光电子组件（二极管）构成，能够将热量转化为电能。根据所施加偏压的不同，它们可以在三种模式下运行，即热辐射-负电致发光（TRNEL）、热辐射-光伏（TRPV）或热光子（TPX，由一个发光二极管和一个光伏电池组成）模式。它们能够达到单一辐射热机（如热光伏系统）无法实现的工作条件：在辐射极限下，TRNEL器件可以在任意带隙下达到卡诺效率，而TPX器件则通过电致发光增强实现大功率输出。我们解析推导了双热机最大输出功率及相关效率的表达式，并揭示TPX热机的输出功率没有上界。与通常效率界限的比较也突显了热化损失的影响，以及光谱滤波对扩展工作区域的后续意义。本文还研究了非辐射复合的影响。这项工作为辐射热机的研究提供了通用框架和指导原则，辐射热机代表了一种可靠且可扩展的能量转换的有前景的解决方案。
英文摘要：
We propose a unified description of dual radiative heat engines (RHEs), consisting of two facing optoelectronic components (diodes) and capable of generating electrical power from heat. They can operate in three regimes depending on the applied biases, namely in thermoradiative-negative electroluminescent (TRNEL), thermoradiative-photovoltaic (TRPV) or thermophotonic regimes (TPX, consisting of a light-emitting diode and a PV cell). They have access to operating conditions that are unachievable by single RHEs such as thermophotovoltaic systems: at the radiative limit, TRNEL devices can reach the Carnot efficiency for any bandgap, while TPX devices achieve large power outputs by means of electroluminescent enhancement. Expressions of the maximum power output and related efficiency achieved by dual engines are derived analytically, and reveal that the power output of TPX engines is not bounded. A comparison to usual efficiency bounds also highlights the impact of thermalisation losses, and the subsequent interest of spectral filtering to extend the operating region. The influence of nonradiative recombinations is also investigated. This work provides common framework and guidelines for the study of RHEs, which represent a promising solution for reliable and scalable energy conversion.
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