推进的凝固前沿附近气泡生长的增强
Enhanced bubble growth near an advancing solidification front
AI总结：
本研究通过实验和数值模拟探究了凝固前沿附近气泡的初始生长机制，发现其受扩散控制并因浓度梯度与前沿运动而增强，且与传质标度关系吻合。
摘要：
冰冻的水可能显得不透明，因为在冻结过程中气泡会被困在冰中。由于在其附近形成气体过饱和区域，气泡在推进的凝固前沿附近成核并生长。传质速率与冻结速率之间的微妙相互作用决定了被捕获气泡的最终形状和尺寸。在本研究中，我们通过实验和数值模拟研究了此类在推进的冰锋附近成核并生长的气泡的初始生长过程。我们表明，这些气泡的初始生长受扩散控制，并由于背景气体浓度梯度的存在和逼近前沿的运动共同作用而得到增强。此外，我们将该问题转化为均匀浓度场中向运动球体传质的问题，发现实验数据与该后一问题的现有标度关系吻合良好。最后，我们探讨了气泡周围的流体流动可能如何进一步影响这种生长，并通过数值模拟进行了定性探索。
英文摘要：
Frozen water might appear opaque since gas bubbles can get trapped in the ice during the freezing process. They nucleate and then grow near the advancing solidification front, due to the formation of a gas supersaturation region in its vicinity. A delicate interplay between the rate of mass transfer and the rate of freezing dictates the final shapes and sizes of the entrapped gas bubbles. In this work, we experimentally and numerically investigate the initial growth of such gas bubbles that nucleate and grow near the advancing ice front. We show that the initial growth of these bubbles is governed by diffusion and is enhanced due to a combination of the presence of the background gas concentration gradient and the motion of the approaching front. Additionally, we recast the problem into that of mass transfer to a moving spherical object in a homogeneous concentration field, finding good agreement between our experimental data and the existing scaling relations for that latter problem. Lastly, we address how fluid flow around the bubble might further affect this growth and qualitatively explore this through numerical simulations.
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