货币政策与性别化劳动力市场动态：来自发展中经济体的证据
Monetary Policy and the Gendered Labor Market Dynamics: Evidence from Developing Economies
AI总结：
本研究利用泰勒规则和局部投影法，分析99个发展中经济体2009-2021年货币政策冲击对性别就业差异的影响，发现女性就业受损更重、性别差距加深，且区域影响各异。
摘要：
利用纳入官方储备变动的泰勒规则，我们推导出国家特定的货币政策冲击，并采用局部投影估计器追踪2009年至2021年间99个发展中经济体的性别分类劳动力市场反应。结果表明，女性在冲击后的就业反应比男性更为负面，导致劳动力市场性别差距加深。冲击发生后，女性比男性更倾向于退出劳动力市场，这导致女性失业率看似不变甚至有所改善。我们发现利率对部门特定反应的影响证据有限。此外，我们识别出在高增长环境以及货币政策收紧情况下，女性在劳动力市场中的地位急剧恶化。发展中亚洲和拉丁美洲对女性就业的负面影响最为显著，非洲的货币政策冲击影响显现较慢，而发展中欧洲的影响最为温和。
英文摘要：
Using a Taylor rule amended with official reserves movements, we derive country-specific monetary shocks and employ a local projections-estimator for tracking gender-disaggregated labor-market responses in 99 developing economies from 2009 to 2021. Results show that women experience more negative post-shock employment responses than men, contributing to a deepening of the gender gaps on the labor market. After the shock, women leave the labor market more so than men, which results in an apparently intact or even improved unemployment outcome for women. We find limited evidence of sector-specific reaction to interest rates. Additionally, we identify an intense worsening of women-s position on the labor market in high-growth environments as well under monetary policy tightening. Developing Asia and Latin America experience the most significant detrimental effects on women's employment, Africa exhibits a slower manifestation of the monetary shocks-impact and developing Europe shows the mildest effects.
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