限域增强黏度与剪切变稀在润滑冰摩擦中的相互作用
Confinement enhanced viscosity vs shear thinning in lubricated ice friction
AI总结：
本研究通过计算机模拟发现，冰表面预熔化薄膜在静态下黏度约为体相两倍，但在高速滑动时因剪切变稀黏度骤降，从而有效润滑并减少摩擦生热。
摘要：
冰表面以极低的动摩擦系数而闻名，但这一特性的起源至今仍极具争议。在本工作中，我们利用新计算的TIP4P/Ice水模型的体相黏度，重新审视了冰在原子级光滑基底上滑动的近期计算机模拟。结果表明，在静态条件下自发形成的预熔化薄膜表现出约为体相黏度两倍的有效黏度。然而，当滑动速度接近米/秒量级时，剪切速率变得非常大，黏度降低了几个数量级。这表明预熔化薄膜尽管厚度很小，仍能充当有效的润滑层，并展示了限域增强黏度与剪切变稀之间有趣的相互作用。我们的结果表明，在高速滑冰状态下起作用的强烈变稀黏度可能大幅减少摩擦生热。
英文摘要：
The ice surface is known for presenting a very small kinetic friction coefficient, but the origin of this property remains highly controversial to date. In this work, we revisit recent computer simulations of ice sliding on atomically smooth substrates, using newly calculated bulk viscosities for the TIP4P/Ice water model. The results show that spontaneously formed premelting films in static conditions exhibit an effective viscosity which is about twice the bulk viscosity. However, upon approaching sliding speeds in the order of m/s, the shear rate becomes very large, and the viscosities decrease by several orders of magnitude. This shows that premelting films can act as an efficient lubrication layer despite their small thickness, and illustrates an interesting interplay between confinement enhanced viscosities, and shear thinning. Our results suggest that the strongly thinned viscosities that operate under the high speed skating regime could largely reduce the amount of frictional heating.
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