晶体管超材料启发的传输线中的异常点
Exceptional points in transistor-metamaterial inspired transmission lines
AI总结：
本文提出一维晶体管超材料传输线，证明其非互易非厄米特性，并展示异常点处功率增益最大化，与微波放大器工作点重合。
摘要：
受我们近期在 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 013902, 2022] 中的发现启发，该发现引入了一类电磁体材料，其响应类似于传统半导体晶体管，本文提出了一种基于与FET隔离器耦合的传输线的一维（1D）版本材料。我们证明，该一维系统的响应是非互易且非厄米的，类似于理想化的晶体管超材料，并且还具有时间反演对称性破缺的特征。我们分析了系统中的波传播，发现本征模式之间的相互作用根据传播距离可导致增益或损耗。此外，还表明该系统可在异常点处运行，在该点结构的响应是奇异的，且功率增益最大化。最后，我们证明该异常点与典型微波放大器（如分布式放大器）的工作点重合。
英文摘要：
Motivated by our recent findings in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 013902, 2022], which introduces a new class of electromagnetic bulk materials whose response is similar to conventional semiconductor transistors, here we propose a one-dimensional (1D) version of such a material based on transmission lines coupled with FET isolators. We demonstrate that the response of this 1D system is nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian, analogous to the idealized transistor-metamaterial, and is also characterized by a broken time-reversal symmetry. We analyze the wave propagation in the system and find that the interaction between the eigenmodes can either lead to gain or loss depending on the propagation distance. Furthermore, it is also shown that the system may be operated at an exceptional point, wherein the response of the structure is singular, and the power gain is maximized. Finally, we demonstrate that the exceptional point coincides with the point of operation of typical microwave amplifiers, such as the distributed amplifier.
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