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arXiv 2402.01903astro-ph.EP
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宽距双星系统 Sz 65 和 Sz 66 中致密盘的高分辨率 ALMA 观测

High-resolution ALMA observations of compact discs in the wide-binary system Sz 65 and Sz 66

J. M. Miley, J. Carpenter, R. Booth, J. Jennings, T. J. Haworth, M. Vioque, S. Andrews, D. Wilner, M. Benisty, J. Huang, L. Perez, V. Guzman, L. Ricci, A. Isella

AI总结:

本研究利用 ALMA 在 1.3 mm 处的高角分辨率观测,发现宽距双星系统中的致密盘 Sz 65 存在约 20 au 处的浅沟等尘埃次结构,而 Sz 66 极为致密,证明了次结构可存在于致密盘中。

摘要:

盘密度中的次结构在被高分辨率观测到的明亮延展盘中普遍存在。这些次结构与驱动行星形成和盘演化的物理机制密切相关。对恒星形成区的巡天发现,大多数盘实际上是致密的、较暗的,并且不表现出这些相同的次结构。致密盘是否也有类似的次结构,或者它们是没有特征的,目前尚不清楚。这表明不同的行星形成和盘演化机制在这些盘中起作用。我们使用 ALMA 在 1.3 mm 处的高角分辨率观测,研究了围绕恒星 Sz 65 和 Sz 66 的两个致密盘内存在次结构的证据。这两颗恒星组成了一个间距为 6.36 角秒的宽距双星系统。连续谱观测实现了 0.026 角秒的合成束主轴,相当于约 4.0 au,使得能够在这些空间尺度上搜寻次结构,并以高精度表征气体和尘埃盘的尺寸。我们在图像平面通过分析重建图像,以及在 uv 平面通过对可见度进行建模和分析 12CO 发射线来分析数据。将结果与致密盘和径向延展盘的高分辨率观测进行了比较。我们发现了 Sz 65 尘埃分布中存在次结构的证据,即一个中心位于约 20 au 处的浅沟,在其外部有一个发射环。90% 的实测连续谱通量位于 27 au 以内,12CO 的距离为 142 au。观测表明 Sz 66 非常致密:90% 的连续谱通量包含在 16 au 以内,气体为 48 au。虽然致密盘中次结构相对于较大盘的总体普遍性和多样性尚待确定,但我们发现了次结构可以存在于致密盘中的证据。

英文摘要:

Substructures in disc density are ubiquitous in the bright extended discs that are observed with high resolution. These substructures are intimately linked to the physical mechanisms driving planet formation and disc evolution. Surveys of star-forming regions find that most discs are in fact compact, less luminous, and do not exhibit these same substructures. It remains unclear whether compact discs also have similar substructures or if they are featureless. This suggests that different planet formation and disc evolution mechanisms operate in these discs. We investigated evidence of substructure within two compact discs around the stars Sz 65 and Sz 66 using high angular resolution observations with ALMA at 1.3 mm. The two stars form a wide-binary system with 6.36 arcsec separation. The continuum observations achieve a synthesised beam major axis of 0.026 arcsec, equivalent to about 4.0 au, enabling a search for substructure on these spatial scales and a characterisation of the gas and dust disc sizes with high precision. We analysed the data in the image plane through an analysis of reconstructed images, as well as in the uv plane by modelling the visibilities and by an analysis of the 12CO emission line. Comparisons were made with high-resolution observations of compact discs and radially extended discs. We find evidence of substructure in the dust distribution of Sz 65, namely a shallow gap centred at approximately 20 au, with an emission ring exterior to it. Ninety percent of the measured continuum flux is found within 27 au, and the distance for 12CO is 142 au. The observations show that Sz 66 is very compact: 90 per cent of the continuum flux is contained within 16 au, and 48 au for the gas. While the overall prevalence and diversity of substructure in compact discs relative to larger discs is yet to be determined, we find evidence that substructures can exist in compact discs.

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