间歇运动过程中油滴变形为新月形的动力学
Deformation dynamics of an oil droplet into a crescent shape during intermittent motion
AI总结：
本研究针对含樟脑和油红O的石蜡液滴在水面的间歇新月形变形运动，通过定量分析与悬滴法测量，揭示了界面张力变化与樟脑流出驱动力降低共同作用的机制。
摘要：
漂浮在水面上、含有樟脑和油红O（染料）的石蜡液滴，会因液滴周围的表面张力梯度产生自发运动和变形。我们聚焦于在特定樟脑和油红O浓度下观察到的、伴随显著新月形变形的间歇运动。我们定量分析了液滴变形的时间变化规律，并通过悬滴法测量随时间变化的石蜡/水界面张力，探究了油红O的作用。观察到的效应可通过油红O分子在石蜡/水界面的活性作用来解释：界面形成后界面张力逐渐降低，使得液滴能够发生动态变形。界面张力的降低与樟脑流出相关的驱动力减小共同作用，产生了伴随新月形动态变形的间歇运动。
英文摘要：
A paraffin droplet containing camphor and oil red O (dye) floating on the water surface shows spontaneous motion and deformation generated by the surface tension gradient around the droplet. We focused on the intermittent motion with a pronounced deformation into a crescent shape observed at specific concentrations of camphor and oil red O. We quantitatively analyzed the time changes in the droplet deformation and investigated the role of the oil red O by measuring the time-dependent paraffin/water interfacial tension with the pendant drop method. The observed effect can be explained by the active role of the oil red O molecules at the paraffin/water interface. The interfacial tension decreases gradually after the interface formation, allowing for the dynamic deformation of the droplet. The combination of the decrease in interfacial tension and the reduction in driving force related to camphor outflow generates intermittent motion with dynamic deformation into a crescent shape.
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