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arXiv 2402.01003stat.APstat.ME
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中介分析的实践挑战:面向应用研究者的指南

Practical challenges in mediation analysis: A guide for applied researchers

Megan S. Schuler, Donna L. Coffman, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Trang Q. Nguyen, Brian Vegetabile, Daniel F. McCaffrey

AI总结:

本文梳理了应用研究者开展中介分析时面临的7项概念与方法学核心挑战,并给出了相应的应对思路,为各学科的中介分析实践提供指导。

摘要:

中介分析是一种统计方法,可用于揭示干预或暴露影响特定结果的中间过程。随着Baron和Kenny的开创性论文发表,中介分析尤其在社会科学研究中崭露头角,如今已被广泛应用于包括卫生服务研究在内的众多学科领域。尽管其普及度不断提升,应用研究者在实际开展中介分析时仍可能遇到诸多挑战。本文概述了研究者在进行中介分析时面临的概念与方法学挑战。具体而言,我们讨论了以下核心挑战:(1)从概念上区分中介变量与其他第三变量;(2)拓展单一中介变量的研究场景;(3)筛选测量与时间顺序均支持假设中介模型的合适数据集;(4)选择能反映目标科学问题的中介效应;(5)评估无遗漏混杂变量这一基本假设的有效性;(6)解决中介变量的测量误差问题;(7)清晰报告中介分析的结果。我们逐一讨论了每项挑战,并重点介绍了应用研究者应对这些挑战的可行方法。

英文摘要:

Mediation analysis is a statistical approach that can provide insights regarding the intermediary processes by which an intervention or exposure affects a given outcome. Mediation analyses rose to prominence, particularly in social science research, with the publication of the seminal paper by Baron and Kenny and is now commonly applied in many research disciplines, including health services research. Despite the growth in popularity, applied researchers may still encounter challenges in terms of conducting mediation analyses in practice. In this paper, we provide an overview of conceptual and methodological challenges that researchers face when conducting mediation analyses. Specifically, we discuss the following key challenges: (1) Conceptually differentiating mediators from other third variables, (2) Extending beyond the single mediator context, (3) Identifying appropriate datasets in which measurement and temporal ordering supports the hypothesized mediation model, (4) Selecting mediation effects that reflect the scientific question of interest, (5) Assessing the validity of underlying assumptions of no omitted confounders, (6) Addressing measurement error regarding the mediator, and (7) Clearly reporting results from mediation analyses. We discuss each challenge and highlight ways in which the applied researcher can approach these challenges.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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