InteractOut：利用交互代理作为输入操纵策略以减少智能手机过度使用
InteractOut: Leveraging Interaction Proxies as Input Manipulation Strategies for Reducing Smartphone Overuse
AI总结：
针对现有智能手机过度使用干预效果不佳的问题，提出利用交互代理隐式操纵输入的 InteractOut 技术，在真实实验中显著降低了应用使用时间与打开频率，并提升了用户体验与接受度。
摘要：
智能手机过度使用对人们的身心健康构成了风险。然而，目前的干预技术主要集中在显式地改变屏幕内容（即输出），并且由于过于严格或过于灵活，往往无法持续减少智能手机的过度使用。我们提出了 InteractOut 的设计与实现，这是一套隐式输入操纵技术，利用交互代理来微弱地抑制移动设备上常见用户手势的自然执行。我们提出了输入操纵的设计空间，并展示了 8 种输入干预的 Android 实现。我们首先进行了一项初步实验室研究（N=30）以评估这些干预的可用性。基于该结果，我们随后进行了一项为期 5 周的被试内现场实验（N=42），以在真实场景中评估 InteractOut。与传统的常见定时锁定技术相比，InteractOut 在参与者选择的目标应用上，额外显著减少了 15.6% 的使用时间和 16.5% 的打开频率。InteractOut 还实现了高出 25.3% 的用户接受率，并根据参与者的主观反馈，带来了更少的挫败感和更好的用户体验。InteractOut 展示了智能手机过度使用干预的新方向，并作为现有方法的强大补充技术集。
英文摘要：
Smartphone overuse poses risks to people's physical and mental health. However, current intervention techniques mainly focus on explicitly changing screen content (i.e., output) and often fail to persistently reduce smartphone overuse due to being over-restrictive or over-flexible. We present the design and implementation of InteractOut, a suite of implicit input manipulation techniques that leverage interaction proxies to weakly inhibit the natural execution of common user gestures on mobile devices. We present a design space for input manipulations and demonstrate 8 Android implementations of input interventions. We first conducted a pilot lab study (N=30) to evaluate the usability of these interventions. Based on the results, we then performed a 5-week within-subject field experiment (N=42) to evaluate InteractOut in real-world scenarios. Compared to the traditional and common timed lockout technique, InteractOut significantly reduced the usage time by an additional 15.6% and opening frequency by 16.5% on participant-selected target apps. InteractOut also achieved a 25.3% higher user acceptance rate, and resulted in less frustration and better user experience according to participants' subjective feedback. InteractOut demonstrates a new direction for smartphone overuse intervention and serves as a strong complementary set of techniques with existing methods.
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