EAGLE模拟中来自暗物质尖峰的伽马射线
Gamma rays from dark matter spikes in EAGLE simulations
AI总结：
本研究基于EAGLE模拟构建IMBH及其暗物质尖峰模拟星表，预测银河系内IMBH数量与分布，并评估Fermi-LAT、H.E.S.S.和CTAO探测其WIMP自湮灭伽马射线的能力。
摘要：
质量介于100 M⊙与10^6 M⊙之间的中等质量黑洞（IMBHs）预计会被极高的暗物质密度所包围，即所谓的暗物质尖峰。这些尖峰中自湮灭弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMPs）的高密度会导致大量伽马射线产生。因此，距离足够近的IMBHs可能表现为未证认的伽马射线源。然而，目前我们尚不清楚银河系内IMBHs的数量及其分布。在本研究中，我们提供了一个由EAGLE模拟得到的IMBHs及其暗物质尖峰的模拟星表；在该模拟中，质量为10^5 M⊙/h的黑洞被作为种子放置在质量大于10^10 M⊙/h的晕中心，以模拟影响星系形成的黑洞反馈。该星表包含约150个类银河系星系中存在的2500多个IMBHs的坐标和暗物质尖峰参数。我们预计银河系内约有15^{+9}_{-6}个IMBHs，主要分布在银心和银道面。在最乐观的情形下，我们发现当前和未来的伽马射线观测台，如Fermi-LAT、H.E.S.S.和CTAO，将具有足够灵敏度，可探测IMBHs周围暗物质自湮灭截面；对于质量从GeV到TeV的暗物质粒子，其探测能力可达到比热遗迹截面低许多个数量级。我们已公开IMBH模拟星表和分析所用源代码，为利用当前和即将投入使用的伽马射线观测台研究IMBHs周围的暗物质自湮灭提供资源。
英文摘要：
Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBHs) with a mass range between $100 \, \text{M}_\odot$ and $10^6 \, \text{M}_\odot$ are expected to be surrounded by high dark matter densities, so-called dark matter spikes. The high density of self-annihilating Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) in these spikes leads to copious gamma-ray production. Sufficiently nearby IMBHs could therefore appear as unidentified gamma-ray sources. However, the number of IMBHs and their distribution within our own Milky Way is currently unknown. In this work, we provide a mock catalogue of IMBHs and their dark matter spikes obtained from the EAGLE simulations, in which black holes with a mass of $10^5 \, \text{M}_\odot/h$ are seeded into the centre of halos greater than $10^{10} \, \text{M}_\odot/h$ to model black hole feedback influencing the formation of galaxies. The catalogue contains the coordinates and dark matter spike parameters for over 2500 IMBHs present in about 150 Milky Way-like galaxies. We expect about $15^{+9}_{-6}$ IMBHs within our own galaxy, mainly distributed in the Galactic Centre and the Galactic Plane. In the most optimistic scenario, we find that current and future gamma-ray observatories, such as Fermi-LAT, H.E.S.S. and CTAO, would be sensitive enough to probe the cross section of dark matter self-annihilation around IMBHs down to many orders of magnitude below the thermal relic cross section for dark matter particles with masses from GeV to TeV. We have made the IMBH mock catalogue and the source code for our analysis publicly available, providing the resources to study dark matter self-annihilation around IMBHs with current and upcoming gamma-ray observatories.
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