AI创意如何影响人类创意的创造力、多样性与演化：来自一项大型动态实验的证据
How AI Ideas Affect the Creativity, Diversity, and Evolution of Human Ideas: Evidence From a Large, Dynamic Experiment
AI总结：
本研究通过覆盖40余国800余人的动态实验，探究接触AI生成创意对人类创意的影响，发现高程度AI接触可提升集体创意多样性但不改变个体创造力，信息披露无主效应，高创造力人群受AI标识影响更小。
摘要：
人们接触大语言模型输出内容的频率正快速攀升。接触AI生成的创意会对人类创意产生怎样的影响？我们开展了一项涵盖800余名参与者、覆盖40余个国家的实验：参与者先查看来自ChatGPT或此前实验参与者的创意，随后进行头脑风暴提出自己的创意。我们设置了不同的AI生成示例数量梯度（无接触、低接触、高接触），并控制示例是否被标注为“AI生成”（即信息披露变量）。\n本研究采用动态实验设计——同一实验条件下，先前参与者产生的创意会被用作后续参与者的刺激材料，这一设计契合文化创造的相互依存过程：创意是在先前创意的基础上构建而成的。借此，我们捕捉到了大语言模型“嵌入文化循环”所产生的累积效应。\n研究发现，高程度AI接触（低程度AI接触则无此效应）不会影响个体创意的创造力，但会提升集体创意多样性的平均水平及变化速率。AI让创意变得不同，而非更出色。信息披露未产生主效应。我们还发现，自认为具有创造力的人群受“创意来自AI”这一信息的影响更小，且当任务难度较高时，参与者可能会主动采纳AI创意。研究结果表明，引入AI创意或可提升集体多样性，但无法提升个体创造力。
英文摘要：
Exposure to large language model output is rapidly increasing. How will seeing AI-generated ideas affect human ideas? We conducted an experiment (800+ participants, 40+ countries) where participants viewed creative ideas that were from ChatGPT or prior experimental participants and then brainstormed their own idea. We varied the number of AI-generated examples (none, low, or high exposure) and if the examples were labeled as 'AI' (disclosure). Our dynamic experiment design -- ideas from prior participants in an experimental condition are used as stimuli for future participants in the same experimental condition -- speaks to the interdependent process of cultural creation: creative ideas are built upon prior ideas. Hence, we capture the compounding effects of having LLMs 'in the culture loop'. We find that high AI exposure (but not low AI exposure) did not affect the creativity of individual ideas but did increase the average amount and rate of change of collective idea diversity. AI made ideas different, not better. There were no main effects of disclosure. We also found that self-reported creative people were less influenced by knowing an idea was from AI and that participants may knowingly adopt AI ideas when the task is difficult. Our findings suggest that introducing AI ideas may increase collective diversity but not individual creativity.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
