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arXiv 2401.12950cs.LGstat.ML
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贝叶斯半结构子空间推断

Bayesian Semi-structured Subspace Inference

HTWG Konstanz(康斯坦茨应用科学大学);LMU Munich and MCML(慕尼黑大学和慕尼黑机器学习中心);UZH and ZHAW Zürich(苏黎世大学和苏黎世应用科学大学)

Daniel Dold, David Rügamer, Beate Sick, Oliver Dürr

AI总结:

针对半结构回归模型缺乏认知不确定性建模的问题,提出结构化全参数与非结构化子空间联合后验采样的贝叶斯子空间推断方法,可恢复结构化后验并逼近MCMC,且预测性能具有竞争力。

摘要:

半结构回归模型能够对可解释的结构化特征效应与复杂的非结构化特征效应进行联合建模。结构化模型部分受统计模型启发,可用于推断特别重要特征的输入-输出关系。复杂的非结构化部分定义了任意深度神经网络,从而提供足够的灵活性以获得具有竞争力的预测性能。尽管这些模型也可以解释偶然不确定性,但仍缺乏关于解释认知不确定性的工作。本文中,我们通过提出一种利用子空间推断的半结构回归模型贝叶斯近似来解决这一问题。为此,我们扩展了子空间推断,以从结构化效应的完整参数空间和非结构化效应的子空间进行联合后验采样。除了这种混合采样方案外,我们的方法还允许调节子空间复杂度,并能够捕获损失景观中的多个极小值。数值实验验证了我们的方法在恢复半结构模型中结构化效应参数后验,以及在子空间维度增大时逼近 MCMC 的全空间后验分布方面的有效性。此外,我们的方法在模拟数据集和真实数据集上均展现出具有竞争力的预测性能。

英文摘要:

Semi-structured regression models enable the joint modeling of interpretable structured and complex unstructured feature effects. The structured model part is inspired by statistical models and can be used to infer the input-output relationship for features of particular importance. The complex unstructured part defines an arbitrary deep neural network and thereby provides enough flexibility to achieve competitive prediction performance. While these models can also account for aleatoric uncertainty, there is still a lack of work on accounting for epistemic uncertainty. In this paper, we address this problem by presenting a Bayesian approximation for semi-structured regression models using subspace inference. To this end, we extend subspace inference for joint posterior sampling from a full parameter space for structured effects and a subspace for unstructured effects. Apart from this hybrid sampling scheme, our method allows for tunable complexity of the subspace and can capture multiple minima in the loss landscape. Numerical experiments validate our approach's efficacy in recovering structured effect parameter posteriors in semi-structured models and approaching the full-space posterior distribution of MCMC for increasing subspace dimension. Further, our approach exhibits competitive predictive performance across simulated and real-world datasets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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