应用于欠驱动小型卫星非线性模型预测控制的脉冲宽度调制方法
Pulse Width Modulation Method Applied to Nonlinear Model Predictive Control on an Under-actuated Small Satellite
AI总结：
针对仅靠磁力矩器控制的欠驱动小卫星，本文用GMRES求解NMPC并以PWM离散其连续控制力矩，验证了该控制系统的可行性。
摘要：
在各类卫星执行器中，磁力矩器已被广泛装备用于小型卫星的稳定和姿态控制。尽管磁力矩器通常与动量轮等其他执行器配合使用，本文探索了一种仅有磁致动可用的控制方法。我们将非线性最优控制方法——非线性模型预测控制（NMPC）——应用于小型卫星，并采用广义最小残差（GMRES）方法生成连续控制输入。星载磁致动系统往往难以产生平滑的磁矩作为控制输入；因此，我们采用脉冲宽度调制（PWM）方法，该方法将控制输入离散化并减轻执行器负担。在本研究中，PWM方法将NMPC方案生成的控制力矩离散化。本研究的主要贡献是研究应用于小型航天器的NMPC和GMRES方法，并展示PWM控制系统的可行性。
英文摘要：
Among various satellite actuators, magnetic torquers have been widely equipped for stabilization and attitude control of small satellites. Although magnetorquers are generally used with other actuators, such as momentum wheels, this paper explores a control method where only a magnetic actuation is available. We applied a nonlinear optimal control method, Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC), to small satellites, employing the generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method, which generates continuous control inputs. Onboard magnetic actuation systems often find it challenging to produce smooth magnetic moments as a control input; hence, we employ the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method, which discretizes a control input and reduces the burden on actuators. In our case, the PWM approach discretizes control torques generated by the NMPC scheme. This study's main contributions are investigating the NMPC and the GMRES method applied to small spacecraft and presenting the PWM control system's feasibility.
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