当ChatGPT消失时：创造力回落而同质化持续
When ChatGPT is gone: Creativity reverts and homogeneity persists
AI总结：
通过七天实验和30天后续调查，研究发现ChatGPT虽能短期提升创造力，但其缺席后表现回落且内容同质化持续，警示生成式AI对长期创造力的束缚。
摘要：
已有证据表明ChatGPT能够提升人类在创造性任务中的表现。然而，这种提升效应在有ChatGPT和没有ChatGPT的情况下是否能够持续，目前仍不清楚。在一项预先注册的为期七天的实验室实验以及实验结束后30天的后续调查中，我们利用来自61名大学生的3302条创意想法和427份创意解决方案的文本数据集，考察了ChatGPT存在与缺席对持续创造力的影响。处理组参与者在创造性任务中使用ChatGPT，而对照组参与者则独立完成任务。研究结果表明，尽管在为期五天的创意过程中ChatGPT的提升效应一直被观察到，但在第7天和第30天ChatGPT不可用时，人类的创造性表现回落至基线水平。更为关键的是，在创造性任务中使用ChatGPT导致内容日益同质化，而且这种同质化效应即使在ChatGPT缺席时仍然持续存在。这些发现对当前流行的“ChatGPT能够增强人类创造力”的观点提出了挑战。事实上，像ChatGPT这样的生成式人工智能给人类带来的只是创造性表现的暂时提升，但从长远来看却束缚了人类的创造能力，这凸显了在创造性工作中谨慎整合生成式人工智能的必要性。
英文摘要：
ChatGPT has been evidenced to enhance human performance in creative tasks. Yet, it is still unclear if this boosting effect sustains with and without ChatGPT. In a pre-registered seven-day lab experiment and a follow-up survey after 30 days of experiment completion, we examined the impacts of ChatGPT presence and absence on sustained creativity using a text dataset of 3302 creative ideas and 427 creative solutions from 61 college students. Participants in the treatment group used ChatGPT in creative tasks, while those in the control group completed the tasks by themselves. The findings show that although the boosting effect of ChatGPT was consistently observed over a five-day creative journey, human creative performance reverted to baseline when ChatGPT was down on the 7th and the 30th day. More critically, the use of ChatGPT in creative tasks resulted in increasingly homogenized contents, and this homogenization effect persisted even when ChatGPT was absence. These findings pose a challenge to the prevailing argument that ChatGPT can enhance human creativity. In fact, generative AI like ChatGPT lends to human with a temporary rise in creative performance but boxes human creative capability in the long run, highlighting the imperative for cautious generative AI integration in creative endeavors.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
